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The Transcription Factors WRKY41 and WRKY53 Mediate Early Flowering Induced by the Novel Plant Growth Regulator Guvermectin in Arabidopsis thaliana

Flowering is a crucial stage for plant reproductive success; therefore, the regulation of plant flowering has been widely researched. Although multiple well-defined endogenous and exogenous flowering regulators have been reported, new ones are constantly being discovered. Here, we confirm that a nov...

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Autores principales: Yang, Chenyu, Liu, Chongxi, Li, Shanshan, Zhang, Yanyan, Zhang, Yi, Wang, Xiangjing, Xiang, Wensheng
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10178944/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37176133
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms24098424
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author Yang, Chenyu
Liu, Chongxi
Li, Shanshan
Zhang, Yanyan
Zhang, Yi
Wang, Xiangjing
Xiang, Wensheng
author_facet Yang, Chenyu
Liu, Chongxi
Li, Shanshan
Zhang, Yanyan
Zhang, Yi
Wang, Xiangjing
Xiang, Wensheng
author_sort Yang, Chenyu
collection PubMed
description Flowering is a crucial stage for plant reproductive success; therefore, the regulation of plant flowering has been widely researched. Although multiple well-defined endogenous and exogenous flowering regulators have been reported, new ones are constantly being discovered. Here, we confirm that a novel plant growth regulator guvermectin (GV) induces early flowering in Arabidopsis. Interestingly, our genetic experiments newly demonstrated that WRKY41 and its homolog WRKY53 were involved in GV-accelerated flowering as positive flowering regulators. Overexpression of WRKY41 or WRKY53 resulted in an early flowering phenotype compared to the wild type (WT). In contrast, the w41/w53 double mutants showed a delay in GV-accelerated flowering. Gene expression analysis showed that flowering regulatory genes SOC1 and LFY were upregulated in GV-treated WT, 35S:WRKY41, and 35S:WRKY53 plants, but both declined in w41/w53 mutants with or without GV treatment. Meanwhile, biochemical assays confirmed that SOC1 and LFY were both direct targets of WRKY41 and WRKY53. Furthermore, the early flowering phenotype of 35S:WRKY41 lines was abolished in the soc1 or lfy background. Together, our results suggest that GV plays a function in promoting flowering, which was co-mediated by WRKY41 and WRKY53 acting as new flowering regulators by directly activating the transcription of SOC1 and LFY in Arabidopsis.
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spelling pubmed-101789442023-05-13 The Transcription Factors WRKY41 and WRKY53 Mediate Early Flowering Induced by the Novel Plant Growth Regulator Guvermectin in Arabidopsis thaliana Yang, Chenyu Liu, Chongxi Li, Shanshan Zhang, Yanyan Zhang, Yi Wang, Xiangjing Xiang, Wensheng Int J Mol Sci Article Flowering is a crucial stage for plant reproductive success; therefore, the regulation of plant flowering has been widely researched. Although multiple well-defined endogenous and exogenous flowering regulators have been reported, new ones are constantly being discovered. Here, we confirm that a novel plant growth regulator guvermectin (GV) induces early flowering in Arabidopsis. Interestingly, our genetic experiments newly demonstrated that WRKY41 and its homolog WRKY53 were involved in GV-accelerated flowering as positive flowering regulators. Overexpression of WRKY41 or WRKY53 resulted in an early flowering phenotype compared to the wild type (WT). In contrast, the w41/w53 double mutants showed a delay in GV-accelerated flowering. Gene expression analysis showed that flowering regulatory genes SOC1 and LFY were upregulated in GV-treated WT, 35S:WRKY41, and 35S:WRKY53 plants, but both declined in w41/w53 mutants with or without GV treatment. Meanwhile, biochemical assays confirmed that SOC1 and LFY were both direct targets of WRKY41 and WRKY53. Furthermore, the early flowering phenotype of 35S:WRKY41 lines was abolished in the soc1 or lfy background. Together, our results suggest that GV plays a function in promoting flowering, which was co-mediated by WRKY41 and WRKY53 acting as new flowering regulators by directly activating the transcription of SOC1 and LFY in Arabidopsis. MDPI 2023-05-08 /pmc/articles/PMC10178944/ /pubmed/37176133 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms24098424 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Yang, Chenyu
Liu, Chongxi
Li, Shanshan
Zhang, Yanyan
Zhang, Yi
Wang, Xiangjing
Xiang, Wensheng
The Transcription Factors WRKY41 and WRKY53 Mediate Early Flowering Induced by the Novel Plant Growth Regulator Guvermectin in Arabidopsis thaliana
title The Transcription Factors WRKY41 and WRKY53 Mediate Early Flowering Induced by the Novel Plant Growth Regulator Guvermectin in Arabidopsis thaliana
title_full The Transcription Factors WRKY41 and WRKY53 Mediate Early Flowering Induced by the Novel Plant Growth Regulator Guvermectin in Arabidopsis thaliana
title_fullStr The Transcription Factors WRKY41 and WRKY53 Mediate Early Flowering Induced by the Novel Plant Growth Regulator Guvermectin in Arabidopsis thaliana
title_full_unstemmed The Transcription Factors WRKY41 and WRKY53 Mediate Early Flowering Induced by the Novel Plant Growth Regulator Guvermectin in Arabidopsis thaliana
title_short The Transcription Factors WRKY41 and WRKY53 Mediate Early Flowering Induced by the Novel Plant Growth Regulator Guvermectin in Arabidopsis thaliana
title_sort transcription factors wrky41 and wrky53 mediate early flowering induced by the novel plant growth regulator guvermectin in arabidopsis thaliana
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10178944/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37176133
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms24098424
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