Cargando…

Phylogenetical Position versus Pollination Syndromes: Floral Trichomes of Central American and Mexican Pinguicula

Central American and Mexican Pinguicula species are characterized by enormous divergence in size and color of flowers and are pollinated by butterflies, flies, bees, and hummingbirds. It is known that floral trichomes are key characters in plant–pollinator interaction. The main aim of our study was...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Lustofin, Krzysztof, Świątek, Piotr, Miranda, Vitor F. O., Płachno, Bartosz J.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10179228/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37176130
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms24098423
_version_ 1785041048244846592
author Lustofin, Krzysztof
Świątek, Piotr
Miranda, Vitor F. O.
Płachno, Bartosz J.
author_facet Lustofin, Krzysztof
Świątek, Piotr
Miranda, Vitor F. O.
Płachno, Bartosz J.
author_sort Lustofin, Krzysztof
collection PubMed
description Central American and Mexican Pinguicula species are characterized by enormous divergence in size and color of flowers and are pollinated by butterflies, flies, bees, and hummingbirds. It is known that floral trichomes are key characters in plant–pollinator interaction. The main aim of our study was to verify our hypothesis that the distribution and diversity of non-glandular and glandular trichomes are related to the pollinator syndromes rather than the phylogenetic relationships. The studied sample consisted of Central American and Mexican species. In our study, we relied on light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy with a phylogenetic perspective based on ITS DNA sequences. The flower morphology of species pollinated by butterflies and hummingbirds was similar in contrast to species pollinated by flies and bees. Species pollinated by butterflies and hummingbirds contained low diversity of non-glandular trichomes, which occurred mostly in the tube and basal part of the spur. Surprisingly, in P. esseriana and P. mesophytica, non-glandular trichomes also occurred at the base of lower lip petals. In the case of species pollinated by flies/bees, we observed a high variety of non-glandular trichomes, which occurred on the surface of corolla petals, in the tube, and at the entrance to the spur. Furthermore, we did not identify any non-glandular trichomes in the spur. The capitate glandular trichomes were of similar morphology in all examined species. There were minor differences in the shape of the trichome head, as well as the length and the number of stalk cells. The distribution and the diversity of non-glandular and glandular trichomes and pollinator syndromes were mapped onto a phylogenetic reconstruction of the genus. Most micromorphological characters appear to be associated more with floral adaptation to pollinators and less with phylogeny.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-10179228
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2023
publisher MDPI
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-101792282023-05-13 Phylogenetical Position versus Pollination Syndromes: Floral Trichomes of Central American and Mexican Pinguicula Lustofin, Krzysztof Świątek, Piotr Miranda, Vitor F. O. Płachno, Bartosz J. Int J Mol Sci Article Central American and Mexican Pinguicula species are characterized by enormous divergence in size and color of flowers and are pollinated by butterflies, flies, bees, and hummingbirds. It is known that floral trichomes are key characters in plant–pollinator interaction. The main aim of our study was to verify our hypothesis that the distribution and diversity of non-glandular and glandular trichomes are related to the pollinator syndromes rather than the phylogenetic relationships. The studied sample consisted of Central American and Mexican species. In our study, we relied on light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy with a phylogenetic perspective based on ITS DNA sequences. The flower morphology of species pollinated by butterflies and hummingbirds was similar in contrast to species pollinated by flies and bees. Species pollinated by butterflies and hummingbirds contained low diversity of non-glandular trichomes, which occurred mostly in the tube and basal part of the spur. Surprisingly, in P. esseriana and P. mesophytica, non-glandular trichomes also occurred at the base of lower lip petals. In the case of species pollinated by flies/bees, we observed a high variety of non-glandular trichomes, which occurred on the surface of corolla petals, in the tube, and at the entrance to the spur. Furthermore, we did not identify any non-glandular trichomes in the spur. The capitate glandular trichomes were of similar morphology in all examined species. There were minor differences in the shape of the trichome head, as well as the length and the number of stalk cells. The distribution and the diversity of non-glandular and glandular trichomes and pollinator syndromes were mapped onto a phylogenetic reconstruction of the genus. Most micromorphological characters appear to be associated more with floral adaptation to pollinators and less with phylogeny. MDPI 2023-05-08 /pmc/articles/PMC10179228/ /pubmed/37176130 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms24098423 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Lustofin, Krzysztof
Świątek, Piotr
Miranda, Vitor F. O.
Płachno, Bartosz J.
Phylogenetical Position versus Pollination Syndromes: Floral Trichomes of Central American and Mexican Pinguicula
title Phylogenetical Position versus Pollination Syndromes: Floral Trichomes of Central American and Mexican Pinguicula
title_full Phylogenetical Position versus Pollination Syndromes: Floral Trichomes of Central American and Mexican Pinguicula
title_fullStr Phylogenetical Position versus Pollination Syndromes: Floral Trichomes of Central American and Mexican Pinguicula
title_full_unstemmed Phylogenetical Position versus Pollination Syndromes: Floral Trichomes of Central American and Mexican Pinguicula
title_short Phylogenetical Position versus Pollination Syndromes: Floral Trichomes of Central American and Mexican Pinguicula
title_sort phylogenetical position versus pollination syndromes: floral trichomes of central american and mexican pinguicula
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10179228/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37176130
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms24098423
work_keys_str_mv AT lustofinkrzysztof phylogeneticalpositionversuspollinationsyndromesfloraltrichomesofcentralamericanandmexicanpinguicula
AT swiatekpiotr phylogeneticalpositionversuspollinationsyndromesfloraltrichomesofcentralamericanandmexicanpinguicula
AT mirandavitorfo phylogeneticalpositionversuspollinationsyndromesfloraltrichomesofcentralamericanandmexicanpinguicula
AT płachnobartoszj phylogeneticalpositionversuspollinationsyndromesfloraltrichomesofcentralamericanandmexicanpinguicula