Cargando…

Beyond the Plate: Uncovering Inequalities in Fruit and Vegetable Intake across Indonesian Districts

Background: Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are responsible for the deaths of 41 million individuals every year, with 77% of them occurring in low- and middle-income countries. Among the main NCD risk factors, inadequate intake of fruits and vegetables (FV) was one of the leading causes of death in...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Darmawan, Ede Surya, Kusuma, Dian, Permanasari, Vetty Yulianty, Amir, Vilda, Tjandrarini, Dwi Hapsari, Dharmayanti, Ika
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10180582/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37432281
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu15092160
_version_ 1785041368972787712
author Darmawan, Ede Surya
Kusuma, Dian
Permanasari, Vetty Yulianty
Amir, Vilda
Tjandrarini, Dwi Hapsari
Dharmayanti, Ika
author_facet Darmawan, Ede Surya
Kusuma, Dian
Permanasari, Vetty Yulianty
Amir, Vilda
Tjandrarini, Dwi Hapsari
Dharmayanti, Ika
author_sort Darmawan, Ede Surya
collection PubMed
description Background: Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are responsible for the deaths of 41 million individuals every year, with 77% of them occurring in low- and middle-income countries. Among the main NCD risk factors, inadequate intake of fruits and vegetables (FV) was one of the leading causes of death in 2019. Our study aims to identify disparities in inadequate FV intake among adults in 514 districts. We utilized the latest Indonesian Basic Health Survey 2018 to conduct geospatial and quantitative analyses. We used the World Health Organization’s definition of inadequate FV intake, which refers to consuming less than five servings of fruit and vegetables daily. We analyzed inadequate FV intake among adults over the age of 18 years, as well as by gender and age group (including young adults 18–24 years, adults 25–59 years, and older adults 60+ years). Our study showed an alarmingly high prevalence of inadequate FV intake among adults, with 96.3% in 2018. The prevalence of inadequate FV intake drastically varied across 514 districts, ranging from 70.1% to 100%. Notable geographic and socioeconomic disparities were observed across the districts studied. Rural districts exhibited a higher prevalence of inadequate FV intake, translating to poorer diets, particularly among females and older adults, when compared to their urban counterparts. Interestingly, districts within more developed regions had poorer FV diets than those in less developed regions. Although districts with lower incomes generally had poorer FV diets, the association was not significant in multivariate analysis. However, districts with lower levels of education demonstrated poorer FV diets, especially among females, adults, and older adults. Despite its limitations, our study provides crucial insights for health policies in Indonesia and other LMICs.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-10180582
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2023
publisher MDPI
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-101805822023-05-13 Beyond the Plate: Uncovering Inequalities in Fruit and Vegetable Intake across Indonesian Districts Darmawan, Ede Surya Kusuma, Dian Permanasari, Vetty Yulianty Amir, Vilda Tjandrarini, Dwi Hapsari Dharmayanti, Ika Nutrients Article Background: Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are responsible for the deaths of 41 million individuals every year, with 77% of them occurring in low- and middle-income countries. Among the main NCD risk factors, inadequate intake of fruits and vegetables (FV) was one of the leading causes of death in 2019. Our study aims to identify disparities in inadequate FV intake among adults in 514 districts. We utilized the latest Indonesian Basic Health Survey 2018 to conduct geospatial and quantitative analyses. We used the World Health Organization’s definition of inadequate FV intake, which refers to consuming less than five servings of fruit and vegetables daily. We analyzed inadequate FV intake among adults over the age of 18 years, as well as by gender and age group (including young adults 18–24 years, adults 25–59 years, and older adults 60+ years). Our study showed an alarmingly high prevalence of inadequate FV intake among adults, with 96.3% in 2018. The prevalence of inadequate FV intake drastically varied across 514 districts, ranging from 70.1% to 100%. Notable geographic and socioeconomic disparities were observed across the districts studied. Rural districts exhibited a higher prevalence of inadequate FV intake, translating to poorer diets, particularly among females and older adults, when compared to their urban counterparts. Interestingly, districts within more developed regions had poorer FV diets than those in less developed regions. Although districts with lower incomes generally had poorer FV diets, the association was not significant in multivariate analysis. However, districts with lower levels of education demonstrated poorer FV diets, especially among females, adults, and older adults. Despite its limitations, our study provides crucial insights for health policies in Indonesia and other LMICs. MDPI 2023-04-30 /pmc/articles/PMC10180582/ /pubmed/37432281 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu15092160 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Darmawan, Ede Surya
Kusuma, Dian
Permanasari, Vetty Yulianty
Amir, Vilda
Tjandrarini, Dwi Hapsari
Dharmayanti, Ika
Beyond the Plate: Uncovering Inequalities in Fruit and Vegetable Intake across Indonesian Districts
title Beyond the Plate: Uncovering Inequalities in Fruit and Vegetable Intake across Indonesian Districts
title_full Beyond the Plate: Uncovering Inequalities in Fruit and Vegetable Intake across Indonesian Districts
title_fullStr Beyond the Plate: Uncovering Inequalities in Fruit and Vegetable Intake across Indonesian Districts
title_full_unstemmed Beyond the Plate: Uncovering Inequalities in Fruit and Vegetable Intake across Indonesian Districts
title_short Beyond the Plate: Uncovering Inequalities in Fruit and Vegetable Intake across Indonesian Districts
title_sort beyond the plate: uncovering inequalities in fruit and vegetable intake across indonesian districts
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10180582/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37432281
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu15092160
work_keys_str_mv AT darmawanedesurya beyondtheplateuncoveringinequalitiesinfruitandvegetableintakeacrossindonesiandistricts
AT kusumadian beyondtheplateuncoveringinequalitiesinfruitandvegetableintakeacrossindonesiandistricts
AT permanasarivettyyulianty beyondtheplateuncoveringinequalitiesinfruitandvegetableintakeacrossindonesiandistricts
AT amirvilda beyondtheplateuncoveringinequalitiesinfruitandvegetableintakeacrossindonesiandistricts
AT tjandrarinidwihapsari beyondtheplateuncoveringinequalitiesinfruitandvegetableintakeacrossindonesiandistricts
AT dharmayantiika beyondtheplateuncoveringinequalitiesinfruitandvegetableintakeacrossindonesiandistricts