A Genome-Wide Identification and Expression Pattern of LMCO Gene Family from Turnip (Brassica rapa L.) under Various Abiotic Stresses

Laccase-like multi-copper oxidases (LMCOs) are a group of enzymes involved in the oxidation of numerous substrates. Recently, these enzymes have become extremely popular due to their practical applications in various fields of biology. LMCOs generally oxidize various substrates by linking four-electron reduction of the final acceptor, molecular oxygen (O(2)), to water. Multi-copper oxidases related to laccase are extensively distributed as multi-gene families in the genome sequences of higher plants. The current study thoroughly investigated the LMCO gene family (Br-Lac) and its expression pattern under various abiotic stresses in B. rapa L. A total of 18 Br-Lac gene family members located on five different chromosomes were identified. Phylogenetic analysis classified the documented Br-Lac genes into seven groups: Group-I (four genes), Group-II (nine genes), Group-III (eight genes), Group-IV (four genes), Group-V (six genes), and Group-VI and Group-VII (one gene each). The key features of gene structure and responsive motifs shared the utmost resemblance within the same groups. Additionally, a divergence study also assessed the evolutionary features of Br-Lac genes. The anticipated period of divergence ranged from 12.365 to 39.250 MYA (million years ago). We also identified the pivotal role of the 18 documented members of the LMCO (Br-lac) gene family using quantitative real-time qRT-PCR. Br-Lac-6, Br-Lac-7, Br-Lac-8, Br-Lac-16, Br-Lac-17, and Br-Lac-22 responded positively to abiotic stresses (i.e., drought, heat, and salinity). These findings set the stage for the functional diversity of the LMCO genes in B. rapa.