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Vitamin D Levels in the Pre- and Post-COVID-19 Pandemic Periods and Related Confinement at Pediatric Age

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) restrictions have been correlated with vitamin D deficiency in children, but some uncertainties remain. We retrospectively studied vitamin 25-(OH) D blood levels in 2182 Italian children/adolescents hospitalized for various chronic diseases in the year before (n =...

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Autores principales: Mosca, Caterina, Colucci, Angelo, Savoia, Fabio, Calì, Camilla, Del Bene, Margherita, Ranucci, Giusy, Maglione, Antonio, Pepe, Angela, Morelli, Annalisa, Vajro, Pietro, Mandato, Claudia
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10181113/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37432239
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu15092089
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author Mosca, Caterina
Colucci, Angelo
Savoia, Fabio
Calì, Camilla
Del Bene, Margherita
Ranucci, Giusy
Maglione, Antonio
Pepe, Angela
Morelli, Annalisa
Vajro, Pietro
Mandato, Claudia
author_facet Mosca, Caterina
Colucci, Angelo
Savoia, Fabio
Calì, Camilla
Del Bene, Margherita
Ranucci, Giusy
Maglione, Antonio
Pepe, Angela
Morelli, Annalisa
Vajro, Pietro
Mandato, Claudia
author_sort Mosca, Caterina
collection PubMed
description Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) restrictions have been correlated with vitamin D deficiency in children, but some uncertainties remain. We retrospectively studied vitamin 25-(OH) D blood levels in 2182 Italian children/adolescents hospitalized for various chronic diseases in the year before (n = 1052) and after (n = 1130) the nationwide lockdown. The type of underlying disease, gender, and mean age (91 ± 55 and 91 ± 61 months, respectively) of patients included in the two periods were comparable. Although mean levels were the same (p = 0.24), deficiency status affected a significantly higher number of subjects during the lockdown period than in the pre-COVID period (p = 0.03), particularly in summer (p = 0.02), and there was also a smoothing of seasonal variations in vitamin D levels. Particularly at risk were males (OR = 1.22; p = 0.03), the 1–5 year age group (OR = 1.57; p < 0.01) and the 6–12 year age group (OR = 1.30; p = 0.04). Infants appeared not to be affected (p = 1.00). In the post-COVID period, the risk of vitamin D deficiency was unchanged in disease-specific groups. However, the proportion of deficiency or severe deficiency differed significantly in the subgroup with endocrinopathy (higher; Chi-square p = 0.04), and with respiratory problems and obesity (lower; Chi-square p = 0.01 and p < 0.01, respectively). Conflicting/opposite literature results advocate for further studies to clearly indicate the need for supplementation during possible future periods of confinement.
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spelling pubmed-101811132023-05-13 Vitamin D Levels in the Pre- and Post-COVID-19 Pandemic Periods and Related Confinement at Pediatric Age Mosca, Caterina Colucci, Angelo Savoia, Fabio Calì, Camilla Del Bene, Margherita Ranucci, Giusy Maglione, Antonio Pepe, Angela Morelli, Annalisa Vajro, Pietro Mandato, Claudia Nutrients Article Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) restrictions have been correlated with vitamin D deficiency in children, but some uncertainties remain. We retrospectively studied vitamin 25-(OH) D blood levels in 2182 Italian children/adolescents hospitalized for various chronic diseases in the year before (n = 1052) and after (n = 1130) the nationwide lockdown. The type of underlying disease, gender, and mean age (91 ± 55 and 91 ± 61 months, respectively) of patients included in the two periods were comparable. Although mean levels were the same (p = 0.24), deficiency status affected a significantly higher number of subjects during the lockdown period than in the pre-COVID period (p = 0.03), particularly in summer (p = 0.02), and there was also a smoothing of seasonal variations in vitamin D levels. Particularly at risk were males (OR = 1.22; p = 0.03), the 1–5 year age group (OR = 1.57; p < 0.01) and the 6–12 year age group (OR = 1.30; p = 0.04). Infants appeared not to be affected (p = 1.00). In the post-COVID period, the risk of vitamin D deficiency was unchanged in disease-specific groups. However, the proportion of deficiency or severe deficiency differed significantly in the subgroup with endocrinopathy (higher; Chi-square p = 0.04), and with respiratory problems and obesity (lower; Chi-square p = 0.01 and p < 0.01, respectively). Conflicting/opposite literature results advocate for further studies to clearly indicate the need for supplementation during possible future periods of confinement. MDPI 2023-04-26 /pmc/articles/PMC10181113/ /pubmed/37432239 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu15092089 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Mosca, Caterina
Colucci, Angelo
Savoia, Fabio
Calì, Camilla
Del Bene, Margherita
Ranucci, Giusy
Maglione, Antonio
Pepe, Angela
Morelli, Annalisa
Vajro, Pietro
Mandato, Claudia
Vitamin D Levels in the Pre- and Post-COVID-19 Pandemic Periods and Related Confinement at Pediatric Age
title Vitamin D Levels in the Pre- and Post-COVID-19 Pandemic Periods and Related Confinement at Pediatric Age
title_full Vitamin D Levels in the Pre- and Post-COVID-19 Pandemic Periods and Related Confinement at Pediatric Age
title_fullStr Vitamin D Levels in the Pre- and Post-COVID-19 Pandemic Periods and Related Confinement at Pediatric Age
title_full_unstemmed Vitamin D Levels in the Pre- and Post-COVID-19 Pandemic Periods and Related Confinement at Pediatric Age
title_short Vitamin D Levels in the Pre- and Post-COVID-19 Pandemic Periods and Related Confinement at Pediatric Age
title_sort vitamin d levels in the pre- and post-covid-19 pandemic periods and related confinement at pediatric age
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10181113/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37432239
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu15092089
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