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Optical Imaging Deformation Inspection and Quality Level Determination of Multifocal Glasses

Multifocal glasses are a new type of lens that can fit both nearsighted and farsighted vision on the same lens. This property allows the glass to have various curvatures in distinct regions within the glass during the grinding process. However, when the curvature varies irregularly, the glass is pro...

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Autores principales: Lin, Hong-Dar, Lee, Tung-Hsin, Lin, Chou-Hsien, Wu, Hsin-Chieh
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10181736/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37177700
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s23094497
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author Lin, Hong-Dar
Lee, Tung-Hsin
Lin, Chou-Hsien
Wu, Hsin-Chieh
author_facet Lin, Hong-Dar
Lee, Tung-Hsin
Lin, Chou-Hsien
Wu, Hsin-Chieh
author_sort Lin, Hong-Dar
collection PubMed
description Multifocal glasses are a new type of lens that can fit both nearsighted and farsighted vision on the same lens. This property allows the glass to have various curvatures in distinct regions within the glass during the grinding process. However, when the curvature varies irregularly, the glass is prone to optical deformation during imaging. Most of the previous studies on imaging deformation focus on the deformation correction of optical lenses. Consequently, this research uses an automatic deformation defect detection system for multifocal glasses to replace professional assessors. To quantify the grade of deformation of curved multifocal glasses, we first digitally imaged a pattern of concentric circles through a test glass to generate an imaged image of the glass. Second, we preprocess the image to enhance the clarity of the concentric circles’ appearance. A centroid-radius model is used to represent the form variation properties of every circle in the processed image. Third, the deviation of the centroid radius for detecting deformation defects is found by a slight deviation control scheme, and we gain a difference image indicating the detected deformed regions after comparing it with the norm pattern. Fourth, based on the deformation measure and occurrence location of multifocal glasses, we build fuzzy membership functions and inference regulations to quantify the deformation’s severity. Finally, a mixed model incorporating a network-based fuzzy inference and a genetic algorithm is applied to determine a quality grade for the deformation severity of detected defects. Testing outcomes show that the proposed methods attain a 94% accuracy rate of the quality levels for deformation severity, an 81% recall rate of deformation defects, and an 11% false positive rate for multifocal glass detection. This research contributes solutions to the problems of imaging deformation inspection and provides computer-aided systems for determining quality levels that meet the demands of inspection and quality control.
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spelling pubmed-101817362023-05-13 Optical Imaging Deformation Inspection and Quality Level Determination of Multifocal Glasses Lin, Hong-Dar Lee, Tung-Hsin Lin, Chou-Hsien Wu, Hsin-Chieh Sensors (Basel) Article Multifocal glasses are a new type of lens that can fit both nearsighted and farsighted vision on the same lens. This property allows the glass to have various curvatures in distinct regions within the glass during the grinding process. However, when the curvature varies irregularly, the glass is prone to optical deformation during imaging. Most of the previous studies on imaging deformation focus on the deformation correction of optical lenses. Consequently, this research uses an automatic deformation defect detection system for multifocal glasses to replace professional assessors. To quantify the grade of deformation of curved multifocal glasses, we first digitally imaged a pattern of concentric circles through a test glass to generate an imaged image of the glass. Second, we preprocess the image to enhance the clarity of the concentric circles’ appearance. A centroid-radius model is used to represent the form variation properties of every circle in the processed image. Third, the deviation of the centroid radius for detecting deformation defects is found by a slight deviation control scheme, and we gain a difference image indicating the detected deformed regions after comparing it with the norm pattern. Fourth, based on the deformation measure and occurrence location of multifocal glasses, we build fuzzy membership functions and inference regulations to quantify the deformation’s severity. Finally, a mixed model incorporating a network-based fuzzy inference and a genetic algorithm is applied to determine a quality grade for the deformation severity of detected defects. Testing outcomes show that the proposed methods attain a 94% accuracy rate of the quality levels for deformation severity, an 81% recall rate of deformation defects, and an 11% false positive rate for multifocal glass detection. This research contributes solutions to the problems of imaging deformation inspection and provides computer-aided systems for determining quality levels that meet the demands of inspection and quality control. MDPI 2023-05-05 /pmc/articles/PMC10181736/ /pubmed/37177700 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s23094497 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Lin, Hong-Dar
Lee, Tung-Hsin
Lin, Chou-Hsien
Wu, Hsin-Chieh
Optical Imaging Deformation Inspection and Quality Level Determination of Multifocal Glasses
title Optical Imaging Deformation Inspection and Quality Level Determination of Multifocal Glasses
title_full Optical Imaging Deformation Inspection and Quality Level Determination of Multifocal Glasses
title_fullStr Optical Imaging Deformation Inspection and Quality Level Determination of Multifocal Glasses
title_full_unstemmed Optical Imaging Deformation Inspection and Quality Level Determination of Multifocal Glasses
title_short Optical Imaging Deformation Inspection and Quality Level Determination of Multifocal Glasses
title_sort optical imaging deformation inspection and quality level determination of multifocal glasses
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10181736/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37177700
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s23094497
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