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Levofloxacin prophylaxis vs no prophylaxis in patients with neutropenia within an endemic country for carbapenem-resistant GNB
Fluoroquinolone prophylaxis’s (FQ-P) usefulness in patients with neutropenia is controversial. In recent decades, Italian epidemiological data has shown worrisome rates of FQ resistance. A single-center cohort study on 136 autologous stem cell transplantations (ASCTs) and 223 allogeneic hematopoieti...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
The American Society of Hematology
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10182274/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36409602 http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/bloodadvances.2022008226 |
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author | Clerici, Daniela Galli, Laura Greco, Raffaella Lugli, Anna P. Erbella, Federico Ripa, Marco Tassan Din, Chiara Nitti, Rosamaria Giglio, Fabio Mastaglio, Sara Lorentino, Francesca Xue, Elisabetta Farina, Francesca Liberatore, Carmine Poli, Andrea Carletti, Silvia Lupo Stanghellini, Maria T. Carrabba, Matteo G. Assanelli, Andrea A. Ruggeri, Annalisa Bernardi, Massimo Corti, Consuelo Peccatori, Jacopo Mancini, Nicasio Scarpellini, Paolo Ciceri, Fabio Castagna, Antonella Oltolini, Chiara |
author_facet | Clerici, Daniela Galli, Laura Greco, Raffaella Lugli, Anna P. Erbella, Federico Ripa, Marco Tassan Din, Chiara Nitti, Rosamaria Giglio, Fabio Mastaglio, Sara Lorentino, Francesca Xue, Elisabetta Farina, Francesca Liberatore, Carmine Poli, Andrea Carletti, Silvia Lupo Stanghellini, Maria T. Carrabba, Matteo G. Assanelli, Andrea A. Ruggeri, Annalisa Bernardi, Massimo Corti, Consuelo Peccatori, Jacopo Mancini, Nicasio Scarpellini, Paolo Ciceri, Fabio Castagna, Antonella Oltolini, Chiara |
author_sort | Clerici, Daniela |
collection | PubMed |
description | Fluoroquinolone prophylaxis’s (FQ-P) usefulness in patients with neutropenia is controversial. In recent decades, Italian epidemiological data has shown worrisome rates of FQ resistance. A single-center cohort study on 136 autologous stem cell transplantations (ASCTs) and 223 allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantations (allo-HSCTs) was performed from January 2018 to December 2020. Piperacillin/tazobactam was the first-line therapy for febrile neutropenia (FN). Since February 2019, FQ-P has been omitted. We evaluated the day +30 posttransplant cumulative incidence function (CIF) of gram-negative bacteria pre-engraftment bloodstream infections (PE-BSIs) and any changes in antimicrobial resistance, FN, and infection-related mortality (IRM). In ASCTs, ≥1 FN episode occurred in 74.3% of transplants, without differences among groups (P = .66). CIF of gram-negative bacteria PE-BSI was 10.1%, with a significant difference according to FQ-P (0% [LEVO-group] vs 14.1% [NO-LEVO-group], P = .016). CIF of IRM was 0% in both groups. In allo-HSCTs, ≥1 FN episode occurred in 96.4% of transplants, without differences among groups (P = .72). CIF of gram-negative bacteria PE-BSI was 28%, significantly higher without FQ-P (14.7% [LEVO-group] vs 34.4% [NO-LEVO-group], P = .003). CIF of IRM was 5%, superimposable in both groups (P = .62). Comparing antimicrobial resistance among gram-negative bacteria of allo-HSCT setting, in the group without FQ-P, a significantly higher proportion of pathogens was susceptible to piperacillin/tazobactam (71% vs 30%, P = .026), FQ (49% vs 10%, P = .03), and carbapenems (95% vs 50%, P = .001). FQ-P discontinuation increased gram-negative bacteria PE-BSI but did not impact IRM, both in the ASCT and allo-HSCT settings; importantly, it concurred to significantly decrease antimicrobial resistance in gram-negative bacteria. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-10182274 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | The American Society of Hematology |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-101822742023-05-14 Levofloxacin prophylaxis vs no prophylaxis in patients with neutropenia within an endemic country for carbapenem-resistant GNB Clerici, Daniela Galli, Laura Greco, Raffaella Lugli, Anna P. Erbella, Federico Ripa, Marco Tassan Din, Chiara Nitti, Rosamaria Giglio, Fabio Mastaglio, Sara Lorentino, Francesca Xue, Elisabetta Farina, Francesca Liberatore, Carmine Poli, Andrea Carletti, Silvia Lupo Stanghellini, Maria T. Carrabba, Matteo G. Assanelli, Andrea A. Ruggeri, Annalisa Bernardi, Massimo Corti, Consuelo Peccatori, Jacopo Mancini, Nicasio Scarpellini, Paolo Ciceri, Fabio Castagna, Antonella Oltolini, Chiara Blood Adv Transplantation Fluoroquinolone prophylaxis’s (FQ-P) usefulness in patients with neutropenia is controversial. In recent decades, Italian epidemiological data has shown worrisome rates of FQ resistance. A single-center cohort study on 136 autologous stem cell transplantations (ASCTs) and 223 allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantations (allo-HSCTs) was performed from January 2018 to December 2020. Piperacillin/tazobactam was the first-line therapy for febrile neutropenia (FN). Since February 2019, FQ-P has been omitted. We evaluated the day +30 posttransplant cumulative incidence function (CIF) of gram-negative bacteria pre-engraftment bloodstream infections (PE-BSIs) and any changes in antimicrobial resistance, FN, and infection-related mortality (IRM). In ASCTs, ≥1 FN episode occurred in 74.3% of transplants, without differences among groups (P = .66). CIF of gram-negative bacteria PE-BSI was 10.1%, with a significant difference according to FQ-P (0% [LEVO-group] vs 14.1% [NO-LEVO-group], P = .016). CIF of IRM was 0% in both groups. In allo-HSCTs, ≥1 FN episode occurred in 96.4% of transplants, without differences among groups (P = .72). CIF of gram-negative bacteria PE-BSI was 28%, significantly higher without FQ-P (14.7% [LEVO-group] vs 34.4% [NO-LEVO-group], P = .003). CIF of IRM was 5%, superimposable in both groups (P = .62). Comparing antimicrobial resistance among gram-negative bacteria of allo-HSCT setting, in the group without FQ-P, a significantly higher proportion of pathogens was susceptible to piperacillin/tazobactam (71% vs 30%, P = .026), FQ (49% vs 10%, P = .03), and carbapenems (95% vs 50%, P = .001). FQ-P discontinuation increased gram-negative bacteria PE-BSI but did not impact IRM, both in the ASCT and allo-HSCT settings; importantly, it concurred to significantly decrease antimicrobial resistance in gram-negative bacteria. The American Society of Hematology 2022-11-24 /pmc/articles/PMC10182274/ /pubmed/36409602 http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/bloodadvances.2022008226 Text en © 2023 by The American Society of Hematology. Licensed under Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0), permitting only noncommercial, nonderivative use with attribution. All other rights reserved. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Transplantation Clerici, Daniela Galli, Laura Greco, Raffaella Lugli, Anna P. Erbella, Federico Ripa, Marco Tassan Din, Chiara Nitti, Rosamaria Giglio, Fabio Mastaglio, Sara Lorentino, Francesca Xue, Elisabetta Farina, Francesca Liberatore, Carmine Poli, Andrea Carletti, Silvia Lupo Stanghellini, Maria T. Carrabba, Matteo G. Assanelli, Andrea A. Ruggeri, Annalisa Bernardi, Massimo Corti, Consuelo Peccatori, Jacopo Mancini, Nicasio Scarpellini, Paolo Ciceri, Fabio Castagna, Antonella Oltolini, Chiara Levofloxacin prophylaxis vs no prophylaxis in patients with neutropenia within an endemic country for carbapenem-resistant GNB |
title | Levofloxacin prophylaxis vs no prophylaxis in patients with neutropenia within an endemic country for carbapenem-resistant GNB |
title_full | Levofloxacin prophylaxis vs no prophylaxis in patients with neutropenia within an endemic country for carbapenem-resistant GNB |
title_fullStr | Levofloxacin prophylaxis vs no prophylaxis in patients with neutropenia within an endemic country for carbapenem-resistant GNB |
title_full_unstemmed | Levofloxacin prophylaxis vs no prophylaxis in patients with neutropenia within an endemic country for carbapenem-resistant GNB |
title_short | Levofloxacin prophylaxis vs no prophylaxis in patients with neutropenia within an endemic country for carbapenem-resistant GNB |
title_sort | levofloxacin prophylaxis vs no prophylaxis in patients with neutropenia within an endemic country for carbapenem-resistant gnb |
topic | Transplantation |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10182274/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36409602 http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/bloodadvances.2022008226 |
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