Prevalence of Migraine Headache in Saudi Arabia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Background: Migraine is an important healthcare concern that silently affects diverse populations globally. The rising prevalence of migraine affects the quality of life of individuals, the economic burden of a nation, and work productivity. This study was designed to determine the prevalence of migraine in Saudi Arabia. Methodology: A systematic data search was designed, and scientific data were collected from leading databases, including PubMed, The Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Ovid, and Google Scholar. Results: Thirty-six studies, comprising 55061 study participants based on defined inclusion criteria, were statistically analyzed using StatsDirect software. The pooled proportion of migraine in Saudi Arabia among all 36 selected studies was 0.225617 (95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.172749 to 0.28326). The study was grouped into four categories: general population, students (of both genders), studies based on females only, and healthcare professionals in primary health care (PHC). The migraine pooled proportion among all four groups using random effects (DerSimonian-Laird) was 0.213822 (95% CI = 0.142888 to 0.294523), 0.205943 (95% CI = 0.127752 to 0.297076), 0.345967 (95% CI = 0.135996 to 0.593799), and 0.167068 (95% CI = 0.096429 to 0.252075), respectively. Conclusion: The estimated pooled proportion of migraine in Saudi Arabia is 0.225617, which is comparable to or even higher than other parts of the Middle East region. Migraine has a great impact on quality of life, productivity, and economic capacity, and increases the healthcare burden. Early detection and necessary lifestyle measures are necessary to minimize this number.