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Vaccination increased host antiviral gene expression and reduced COVID-19 severity during the Omicron variant outbreak in Fuyang City, China

BACKGROUND: The differences in host antiviral gene expression and disease severity between vaccinated and non-vaccinated coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients are not well characterized. We sought to compare the clinical characteristics and host antiviral gene expression patterns of vaccinate...

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Autores principales: Li, Shasha, Duan, Xiaoqiong, Jiang, Ning, Jeyarajan, Andre J., Warner, Charlotte A., Li, Yujia, Xu, Min, Li, Xiuyong, Tan, Lin, Li, Ming, Shao, Tuo, Li, Shilin, Chen, Limin, Gao, Yufeng, Han, Mingfeng, Lin, Wenyu
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: The Author(s). Published by Elsevier B.V. 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10183626/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37201409
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.intimp.2023.110333
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author Li, Shasha
Duan, Xiaoqiong
Jiang, Ning
Jeyarajan, Andre J.
Warner, Charlotte A.
Li, Yujia
Xu, Min
Li, Xiuyong
Tan, Lin
Li, Ming
Shao, Tuo
Li, Shilin
Chen, Limin
Gao, Yufeng
Han, Mingfeng
Lin, Wenyu
author_facet Li, Shasha
Duan, Xiaoqiong
Jiang, Ning
Jeyarajan, Andre J.
Warner, Charlotte A.
Li, Yujia
Xu, Min
Li, Xiuyong
Tan, Lin
Li, Ming
Shao, Tuo
Li, Shilin
Chen, Limin
Gao, Yufeng
Han, Mingfeng
Lin, Wenyu
author_sort Li, Shasha
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: The differences in host antiviral gene expression and disease severity between vaccinated and non-vaccinated coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients are not well characterized. We sought to compare the clinical characteristics and host antiviral gene expression patterns of vaccinated and non-vaccinated cohorts at the Second People's Hospital of Fuyang City. METHODS: In this case-control study, we retrospectively analyzed 113 vaccinated patients with a COVID-19 Omicron variant infection, 46 non-vaccinated COVID-19 patients, and 24 healthy subjects (no history of COVID-19) recruited from the Second People's Hospital of Fuyang City. Blood samples were collected from each study participant for RNA extraction and PCR. We compared host antiviral gene expression profiles between healthy controls and COVID-19 patients who were either vaccinated or non-vaccinated at the time of infection. RESULTS: In the vaccinated group, most patients were asymptomatic, with only 42.9 % of patients developing fever. Notably, no patients had extrapulmonary organ damage. In contrast, 21.4 % of patients in the non-vaccinated group developed severe/critical (SC) disease and 78.6 % had mild/moderate (MM) disease, with fever occurring in 74.2 % patients. We found that Omicron infection in COVID-19 vaccinated patients was associated with significantly increased expression of several important host antiviral genes including IL12B, IL13, CXCL11, CXCL9, IFNA2, IFNA1, IFNγ, and TNFα. CONCLUSION: Vaccinated patients infected with the Omicron variant were mostly asymptomatic. In contrast, non-vaccinated patients frequently developed SC or MM disease. Older patients with SC COVID-19 also had a higher occurrence of mild liver dysfunction. Omicron infection in COVID-19 vaccinated patients was associated with the activation of key host antiviral genes and thus may play a role in reducing disease severity.
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spelling pubmed-101836262023-05-15 Vaccination increased host antiviral gene expression and reduced COVID-19 severity during the Omicron variant outbreak in Fuyang City, China Li, Shasha Duan, Xiaoqiong Jiang, Ning Jeyarajan, Andre J. Warner, Charlotte A. Li, Yujia Xu, Min Li, Xiuyong Tan, Lin Li, Ming Shao, Tuo Li, Shilin Chen, Limin Gao, Yufeng Han, Mingfeng Lin, Wenyu Int Immunopharmacol Article BACKGROUND: The differences in host antiviral gene expression and disease severity between vaccinated and non-vaccinated coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients are not well characterized. We sought to compare the clinical characteristics and host antiviral gene expression patterns of vaccinated and non-vaccinated cohorts at the Second People's Hospital of Fuyang City. METHODS: In this case-control study, we retrospectively analyzed 113 vaccinated patients with a COVID-19 Omicron variant infection, 46 non-vaccinated COVID-19 patients, and 24 healthy subjects (no history of COVID-19) recruited from the Second People's Hospital of Fuyang City. Blood samples were collected from each study participant for RNA extraction and PCR. We compared host antiviral gene expression profiles between healthy controls and COVID-19 patients who were either vaccinated or non-vaccinated at the time of infection. RESULTS: In the vaccinated group, most patients were asymptomatic, with only 42.9 % of patients developing fever. Notably, no patients had extrapulmonary organ damage. In contrast, 21.4 % of patients in the non-vaccinated group developed severe/critical (SC) disease and 78.6 % had mild/moderate (MM) disease, with fever occurring in 74.2 % patients. We found that Omicron infection in COVID-19 vaccinated patients was associated with significantly increased expression of several important host antiviral genes including IL12B, IL13, CXCL11, CXCL9, IFNA2, IFNA1, IFNγ, and TNFα. CONCLUSION: Vaccinated patients infected with the Omicron variant were mostly asymptomatic. In contrast, non-vaccinated patients frequently developed SC or MM disease. Older patients with SC COVID-19 also had a higher occurrence of mild liver dysfunction. Omicron infection in COVID-19 vaccinated patients was associated with the activation of key host antiviral genes and thus may play a role in reducing disease severity. The Author(s). Published by Elsevier B.V. 2023-07 2023-05-15 /pmc/articles/PMC10183626/ /pubmed/37201409 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.intimp.2023.110333 Text en © 2023 The Author(s) Since January 2020 Elsevier has created a COVID-19 resource centre with free information in English and Mandarin on the novel coronavirus COVID-19. The COVID-19 resource centre is hosted on Elsevier Connect, the company's public news and information website. Elsevier hereby grants permission to make all its COVID-19-related research that is available on the COVID-19 resource centre - including this research content - immediately available in PubMed Central and other publicly funded repositories, such as the WHO COVID database with rights for unrestricted research re-use and analyses in any form or by any means with acknowledgement of the original source. These permissions are granted for free by Elsevier for as long as the COVID-19 resource centre remains active.
spellingShingle Article
Li, Shasha
Duan, Xiaoqiong
Jiang, Ning
Jeyarajan, Andre J.
Warner, Charlotte A.
Li, Yujia
Xu, Min
Li, Xiuyong
Tan, Lin
Li, Ming
Shao, Tuo
Li, Shilin
Chen, Limin
Gao, Yufeng
Han, Mingfeng
Lin, Wenyu
Vaccination increased host antiviral gene expression and reduced COVID-19 severity during the Omicron variant outbreak in Fuyang City, China
title Vaccination increased host antiviral gene expression and reduced COVID-19 severity during the Omicron variant outbreak in Fuyang City, China
title_full Vaccination increased host antiviral gene expression and reduced COVID-19 severity during the Omicron variant outbreak in Fuyang City, China
title_fullStr Vaccination increased host antiviral gene expression and reduced COVID-19 severity during the Omicron variant outbreak in Fuyang City, China
title_full_unstemmed Vaccination increased host antiviral gene expression and reduced COVID-19 severity during the Omicron variant outbreak in Fuyang City, China
title_short Vaccination increased host antiviral gene expression and reduced COVID-19 severity during the Omicron variant outbreak in Fuyang City, China
title_sort vaccination increased host antiviral gene expression and reduced covid-19 severity during the omicron variant outbreak in fuyang city, china
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10183626/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37201409
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.intimp.2023.110333
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