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CHANGES IN SARS-COV-2 ANTIBODY PREVALENCE IN PRIMARY AND SECONDARY SCHOOLS STUDENTS DURING THE EMERGENCE OF THE OMICRON VARIANT: THE UK SCHOOLS INFECTION SURVEYS
INTRO: Children and Young people were the last group in England be offered COVID-19 vaccination (from September 2021), thus were the largest susceptible group when SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variants emerged. We monitored vaccine and naturally-derived antibodies in schools between November 2021 and March 20...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Published by Elsevier Ltd.
2023
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10186913/ http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2023.04.326 |
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author | Nguipdop-Djomo, P. Lacey, A. Poh, J. Ireland, G. McClenaghan, E. Jones, P. Dawe, F. Rourke, E. Ladhani, S. Mangtani, P. |
author_facet | Nguipdop-Djomo, P. Lacey, A. Poh, J. Ireland, G. McClenaghan, E. Jones, P. Dawe, F. Rourke, E. Ladhani, S. Mangtani, P. |
author_sort | Nguipdop-Djomo, P. |
collection | PubMed |
description | INTRO: Children and Young people were the last group in England be offered COVID-19 vaccination (from September 2021), thus were the largest susceptible group when SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variants emerged. We monitored vaccine and naturally-derived antibodies in schools between November 2021 and March 2022. METHODS: We conducted three large surveys (November 2021, January and March 2022) in a nationally representative random sample of primary and secondary schools, stratified by regions. Oral fluid samples were tested for IgG antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid (anti-NP) and spike (anti-S1) proteins using novel validated ELISAs; vaccines used in England elicit anti-S1 antibodies only. We calculated weighted prevalences for each survey, and used multilevel logistic regression to investigate associations with socio-demographic factors. FINDINGS: Overall 11311 students contributed 22478 biological samples (respectively 4840, 7549 and 10089 in rounds 1, 2 and 3, with similar socio- demographic characteristics). In 4-11 year olds, not eligible for vaccination, anti- S1 and anti-NP antibody prevalences were 31.3% and 26.6%, 46.2% and 43.8%, and 53.4% and 58.7% respectively over the three rounds. The corresponding estimates in 12 to 18 year olds) were 70.7% and 34.6%, 85.6% and 45.9%, 89.0 and 53.9%. In November 2021 (before Omicron dominance), higher anti-S1 antibody positivity was associated with older age and Black ethnicity, and non- eligibility for free school meals in 4-11 year olds. In 12-18 years it was associated with non-eligibility for free school meals. In March 2022 when Omicron dominated, these associations remained, together with urban location in 4-11 years old. CONCLUSION: The steep increase in 4-11 year olds in both sets of antibodies reflected the emergence and spread of highly infectious Omicron variants whilst high and increasing anti-S1 prevalence in secondary students was consistent with greater vaccine uptake. Socioeconomically deprived 12-18 year olds had lower odds of anti-S1, suggesting lower vaccine uptake or access. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-10186913 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | Published by Elsevier Ltd. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-101869132023-05-16 CHANGES IN SARS-COV-2 ANTIBODY PREVALENCE IN PRIMARY AND SECONDARY SCHOOLS STUDENTS DURING THE EMERGENCE OF THE OMICRON VARIANT: THE UK SCHOOLS INFECTION SURVEYS Nguipdop-Djomo, P. Lacey, A. Poh, J. Ireland, G. McClenaghan, E. Jones, P. Dawe, F. Rourke, E. Ladhani, S. Mangtani, P. Int J Infect Dis Article INTRO: Children and Young people were the last group in England be offered COVID-19 vaccination (from September 2021), thus were the largest susceptible group when SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variants emerged. We monitored vaccine and naturally-derived antibodies in schools between November 2021 and March 2022. METHODS: We conducted three large surveys (November 2021, January and March 2022) in a nationally representative random sample of primary and secondary schools, stratified by regions. Oral fluid samples were tested for IgG antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid (anti-NP) and spike (anti-S1) proteins using novel validated ELISAs; vaccines used in England elicit anti-S1 antibodies only. We calculated weighted prevalences for each survey, and used multilevel logistic regression to investigate associations with socio-demographic factors. FINDINGS: Overall 11311 students contributed 22478 biological samples (respectively 4840, 7549 and 10089 in rounds 1, 2 and 3, with similar socio- demographic characteristics). In 4-11 year olds, not eligible for vaccination, anti- S1 and anti-NP antibody prevalences were 31.3% and 26.6%, 46.2% and 43.8%, and 53.4% and 58.7% respectively over the three rounds. The corresponding estimates in 12 to 18 year olds) were 70.7% and 34.6%, 85.6% and 45.9%, 89.0 and 53.9%. In November 2021 (before Omicron dominance), higher anti-S1 antibody positivity was associated with older age and Black ethnicity, and non- eligibility for free school meals in 4-11 year olds. In 12-18 years it was associated with non-eligibility for free school meals. In March 2022 when Omicron dominated, these associations remained, together with urban location in 4-11 years old. CONCLUSION: The steep increase in 4-11 year olds in both sets of antibodies reflected the emergence and spread of highly infectious Omicron variants whilst high and increasing anti-S1 prevalence in secondary students was consistent with greater vaccine uptake. Socioeconomically deprived 12-18 year olds had lower odds of anti-S1, suggesting lower vaccine uptake or access. Published by Elsevier Ltd. 2023-05 2023-05-16 /pmc/articles/PMC10186913/ http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2023.04.326 Text en Copyright © 2023 Published by Elsevier Ltd. Since January 2020 Elsevier has created a COVID-19 resource centre with free information in English and Mandarin on the novel coronavirus COVID-19. The COVID-19 resource centre is hosted on Elsevier Connect, the company's public news and information website. Elsevier hereby grants permission to make all its COVID-19-related research that is available on the COVID-19 resource centre - including this research content - immediately available in PubMed Central and other publicly funded repositories, such as the WHO COVID database with rights for unrestricted research re-use and analyses in any form or by any means with acknowledgement of the original source. These permissions are granted for free by Elsevier for as long as the COVID-19 resource centre remains active. |
spellingShingle | Article Nguipdop-Djomo, P. Lacey, A. Poh, J. Ireland, G. McClenaghan, E. Jones, P. Dawe, F. Rourke, E. Ladhani, S. Mangtani, P. CHANGES IN SARS-COV-2 ANTIBODY PREVALENCE IN PRIMARY AND SECONDARY SCHOOLS STUDENTS DURING THE EMERGENCE OF THE OMICRON VARIANT: THE UK SCHOOLS INFECTION SURVEYS |
title | CHANGES IN SARS-COV-2 ANTIBODY PREVALENCE IN PRIMARY AND SECONDARY SCHOOLS STUDENTS DURING THE EMERGENCE OF THE OMICRON VARIANT: THE UK SCHOOLS INFECTION SURVEYS |
title_full | CHANGES IN SARS-COV-2 ANTIBODY PREVALENCE IN PRIMARY AND SECONDARY SCHOOLS STUDENTS DURING THE EMERGENCE OF THE OMICRON VARIANT: THE UK SCHOOLS INFECTION SURVEYS |
title_fullStr | CHANGES IN SARS-COV-2 ANTIBODY PREVALENCE IN PRIMARY AND SECONDARY SCHOOLS STUDENTS DURING THE EMERGENCE OF THE OMICRON VARIANT: THE UK SCHOOLS INFECTION SURVEYS |
title_full_unstemmed | CHANGES IN SARS-COV-2 ANTIBODY PREVALENCE IN PRIMARY AND SECONDARY SCHOOLS STUDENTS DURING THE EMERGENCE OF THE OMICRON VARIANT: THE UK SCHOOLS INFECTION SURVEYS |
title_short | CHANGES IN SARS-COV-2 ANTIBODY PREVALENCE IN PRIMARY AND SECONDARY SCHOOLS STUDENTS DURING THE EMERGENCE OF THE OMICRON VARIANT: THE UK SCHOOLS INFECTION SURVEYS |
title_sort | changes in sars-cov-2 antibody prevalence in primary and secondary schools students during the emergence of the omicron variant: the uk schools infection surveys |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10186913/ http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2023.04.326 |
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