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Muscle strength and activity in men and women performing maximal effort biceps curl exercise on a new machine that automates eccentric overload and drop setting

PURPOSE: Connected adaptive resistance exercise (CARE) machines are new equipment purported to adjust resistances within and between repetitions to make eccentric (ECC) overload and drop sets more feasible. Here, we examined muscle strength, endurance, electromyographic activity (EMG), and perceptio...

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Autores principales: Nuzzo, James L., Pinto, Matheus D., Nosaka, Kazunori
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Springer Berlin Heidelberg 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10191922/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36856799
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00421-023-05157-9
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author Nuzzo, James L.
Pinto, Matheus D.
Nosaka, Kazunori
author_facet Nuzzo, James L.
Pinto, Matheus D.
Nosaka, Kazunori
author_sort Nuzzo, James L.
collection PubMed
description PURPOSE: Connected adaptive resistance exercise (CARE) machines are new equipment purported to adjust resistances within and between repetitions to make eccentric (ECC) overload and drop sets more feasible. Here, we examined muscle strength, endurance, electromyographic activity (EMG), and perceptions of fatigue during unilateral bicep curl exercise with a CARE machine and dumbbells. We also tested for sex differences in muscle fatigability. METHODS: Twelve men and nine women attempted 25 consecutive coupled maximal ECC–concentric (CON) repetitions (ECC(max)–CON(max)) on a CARE machine. Participants also completed a CON one repetition maximum (1RM) and repetitions-to-failure tests with 60 and 80% 1RM dumbbells. RESULTS: Maximal strength on the CARE machine was greater during the ECC than CON phase, illustrating ECC overload (men: 27.1 ± 6.8, 14.7 ± 2.0 kg; women: 16.7 ± 4.7, 7.6 ± 1.4 kg). These maximal resistances demanded large neural drive. Biceps brachii EMG amplitude relative to CON dumbbell 1RM EMG was 140.1 ± 40.2% (ECC) and 96.7 ± 25.0% (CON) for men and 165.1 ± 61.1% (ECC) and 89.4 ± 20.4% (CON) for women. The machine’s drop setting algorithm permitted 25 consecutive maximal effort repetitions without stopping. By comparison, participants completed fewer repetitions-to-failure with the submaximal dumbbells (e.g., 60%1RM—men: 12.3 ± 4.4; women: 15.6 ± 4.7 repetitions). By the 25th CARE repetition, participants reported heightened biceps fatigue (~ 8 of 10) and exhibited large decreases in ECC strength (men: 63.5 ± 11.6%; women: 44.1 ± 8.0%), CON strength (men: 77.5 ± 6.5%; women: 62.5 ± 12.8%), ECC EMG (men: 38.6 ± 20.4%; women: 26.2 ± 18.3%), and CON EMG (men: 36.8 ± 20.4%; women: 23.1 ± 18.4%). CONCLUSION: ECC overload and drop sets occurred automatically and feasibly with CARE technology and caused greater strength and EMG loss in men than women. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s00421-023-05157-9.
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spelling pubmed-101919222023-05-19 Muscle strength and activity in men and women performing maximal effort biceps curl exercise on a new machine that automates eccentric overload and drop setting Nuzzo, James L. Pinto, Matheus D. Nosaka, Kazunori Eur J Appl Physiol Original Article PURPOSE: Connected adaptive resistance exercise (CARE) machines are new equipment purported to adjust resistances within and between repetitions to make eccentric (ECC) overload and drop sets more feasible. Here, we examined muscle strength, endurance, electromyographic activity (EMG), and perceptions of fatigue during unilateral bicep curl exercise with a CARE machine and dumbbells. We also tested for sex differences in muscle fatigability. METHODS: Twelve men and nine women attempted 25 consecutive coupled maximal ECC–concentric (CON) repetitions (ECC(max)–CON(max)) on a CARE machine. Participants also completed a CON one repetition maximum (1RM) and repetitions-to-failure tests with 60 and 80% 1RM dumbbells. RESULTS: Maximal strength on the CARE machine was greater during the ECC than CON phase, illustrating ECC overload (men: 27.1 ± 6.8, 14.7 ± 2.0 kg; women: 16.7 ± 4.7, 7.6 ± 1.4 kg). These maximal resistances demanded large neural drive. Biceps brachii EMG amplitude relative to CON dumbbell 1RM EMG was 140.1 ± 40.2% (ECC) and 96.7 ± 25.0% (CON) for men and 165.1 ± 61.1% (ECC) and 89.4 ± 20.4% (CON) for women. The machine’s drop setting algorithm permitted 25 consecutive maximal effort repetitions without stopping. By comparison, participants completed fewer repetitions-to-failure with the submaximal dumbbells (e.g., 60%1RM—men: 12.3 ± 4.4; women: 15.6 ± 4.7 repetitions). By the 25th CARE repetition, participants reported heightened biceps fatigue (~ 8 of 10) and exhibited large decreases in ECC strength (men: 63.5 ± 11.6%; women: 44.1 ± 8.0%), CON strength (men: 77.5 ± 6.5%; women: 62.5 ± 12.8%), ECC EMG (men: 38.6 ± 20.4%; women: 26.2 ± 18.3%), and CON EMG (men: 36.8 ± 20.4%; women: 23.1 ± 18.4%). CONCLUSION: ECC overload and drop sets occurred automatically and feasibly with CARE technology and caused greater strength and EMG loss in men than women. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s00421-023-05157-9. Springer Berlin Heidelberg 2023-03-01 2023 /pmc/articles/PMC10191922/ /pubmed/36856799 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00421-023-05157-9 Text en © The Author(s) 2023 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) .
spellingShingle Original Article
Nuzzo, James L.
Pinto, Matheus D.
Nosaka, Kazunori
Muscle strength and activity in men and women performing maximal effort biceps curl exercise on a new machine that automates eccentric overload and drop setting
title Muscle strength and activity in men and women performing maximal effort biceps curl exercise on a new machine that automates eccentric overload and drop setting
title_full Muscle strength and activity in men and women performing maximal effort biceps curl exercise on a new machine that automates eccentric overload and drop setting
title_fullStr Muscle strength and activity in men and women performing maximal effort biceps curl exercise on a new machine that automates eccentric overload and drop setting
title_full_unstemmed Muscle strength and activity in men and women performing maximal effort biceps curl exercise on a new machine that automates eccentric overload and drop setting
title_short Muscle strength and activity in men and women performing maximal effort biceps curl exercise on a new machine that automates eccentric overload and drop setting
title_sort muscle strength and activity in men and women performing maximal effort biceps curl exercise on a new machine that automates eccentric overload and drop setting
topic Original Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10191922/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36856799
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00421-023-05157-9
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