Relationships of serum VILIP-1, NSE, and ADP levels with postoperative cognitive dysfunction in elderly patients undergoing general anesthesia: a retrospective, observational study

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the relationships of serum visinin-like protein-1 (VILIP-1), neuron-specific enolase (NSE), and adiponectin (ADP) levels with postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) in elderly patients undergoing general anesthesia and provide a reference for the prevention and treatment of POCD. METHODS: In this retrospective, observational study, 162 elderly patients who underwent general anesthesia were divided into POCD and non-POCD groups according to whether POCD occurred with 24 hours after surgery. Serum VILIP-1, NSE, and ADP levels were measured. RESULTS: Immediately after and 24 hours after surgery, serum VILIP-1 and NSE levels were significantly higher in the POCD group than in the non-POCD group, whereas serum ADP levels were significantly lower in the POCD group. Mini-mental state examination (MMSE) scores significantly differed between the two groups. At 24 hours after surgery, serum VILIP-1 and NSE levels were negatively correlated with MMSE scores in the POCD group, whereas serum ADP levels were positively correlated with MMSE scores in this group. CONCLUSION: Increased serum VILIP-1 and NSE levels and decreased serum ADP levels could be involved in the pathophysiology of POCD in elderly patients after general anesthesia. These serum markers could be used as indicators of POCD in elderly patients undergoing general anesthesia.