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Arabidopsis thaliana: a powerful model organism to explore histone modifications and their upstream regulations
Histones are subjected to extensive covalent modifications that affect inter-nucleosomal interactions as well as alter chromatin structure and DNA accessibility. Through switching the corresponding histone modifications, the level of transcription and diverse downstream biological processes can be r...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Taylor & Francis
2023
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10193919/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37196184 http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15592294.2023.2211362 |
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author | Yu, Yang Wang, Sihan Wang, Ziqin Gao, Renwei Lee, Joohyun |
author_facet | Yu, Yang Wang, Sihan Wang, Ziqin Gao, Renwei Lee, Joohyun |
author_sort | Yu, Yang |
collection | PubMed |
description | Histones are subjected to extensive covalent modifications that affect inter-nucleosomal interactions as well as alter chromatin structure and DNA accessibility. Through switching the corresponding histone modifications, the level of transcription and diverse downstream biological processes can be regulated. Although animal systems are widely used in studying histone modifications, the signalling processes that occur outside the nucleus prior to histone modifications have not been well understood due to the limitations including non viable mutants, partial lethality, and infertility of survivors. Here, we review the benefits of using Arabidopsis thaliana as the model organism to study histone modifications and their upstream regulations. Similarities among histones and key histone modifiers such as the Polycomb group (PcG) and Trithorax group (TrxG) in Drosophila, Human, and Arabidopsis are examined. Furthermore, prolonged cold-induced vernalization system has been well-studied and revealed the relationship between the controllable environment input (duration of vernalization), its chromatin modifications of FLOWERING LOCUS C (FLC), following gene expression, and the corresponding phenotypes. Such evidence suggests that research on Arabidopsis can bring insights into incomplete signalling pathways outside of the histone box, which can be achieved through viable reverse genetic screenings based on the phenotypes instead of direct monitoring of histone modifications among individual mutants. The potential upstream regulators in Arabidopsis can provide cues or directions for animal research based on the similarities between them. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-10193919 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | Taylor & Francis |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-101939192023-05-19 Arabidopsis thaliana: a powerful model organism to explore histone modifications and their upstream regulations Yu, Yang Wang, Sihan Wang, Ziqin Gao, Renwei Lee, Joohyun Epigenetics Review Histones are subjected to extensive covalent modifications that affect inter-nucleosomal interactions as well as alter chromatin structure and DNA accessibility. Through switching the corresponding histone modifications, the level of transcription and diverse downstream biological processes can be regulated. Although animal systems are widely used in studying histone modifications, the signalling processes that occur outside the nucleus prior to histone modifications have not been well understood due to the limitations including non viable mutants, partial lethality, and infertility of survivors. Here, we review the benefits of using Arabidopsis thaliana as the model organism to study histone modifications and their upstream regulations. Similarities among histones and key histone modifiers such as the Polycomb group (PcG) and Trithorax group (TrxG) in Drosophila, Human, and Arabidopsis are examined. Furthermore, prolonged cold-induced vernalization system has been well-studied and revealed the relationship between the controllable environment input (duration of vernalization), its chromatin modifications of FLOWERING LOCUS C (FLC), following gene expression, and the corresponding phenotypes. Such evidence suggests that research on Arabidopsis can bring insights into incomplete signalling pathways outside of the histone box, which can be achieved through viable reverse genetic screenings based on the phenotypes instead of direct monitoring of histone modifications among individual mutants. The potential upstream regulators in Arabidopsis can provide cues or directions for animal research based on the similarities between them. Taylor & Francis 2023-05-17 /pmc/articles/PMC10193919/ /pubmed/37196184 http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15592294.2023.2211362 Text en © 2023 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) ), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. The terms on which this article has been published allow the posting of the Accepted Manuscript in a repository by the author(s) or with their consent. |
spellingShingle | Review Yu, Yang Wang, Sihan Wang, Ziqin Gao, Renwei Lee, Joohyun Arabidopsis thaliana: a powerful model organism to explore histone modifications and their upstream regulations |
title | Arabidopsis thaliana: a powerful model organism to explore histone modifications and their upstream regulations |
title_full | Arabidopsis thaliana: a powerful model organism to explore histone modifications and their upstream regulations |
title_fullStr | Arabidopsis thaliana: a powerful model organism to explore histone modifications and their upstream regulations |
title_full_unstemmed | Arabidopsis thaliana: a powerful model organism to explore histone modifications and their upstream regulations |
title_short | Arabidopsis thaliana: a powerful model organism to explore histone modifications and their upstream regulations |
title_sort | arabidopsis thaliana: a powerful model organism to explore histone modifications and their upstream regulations |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10193919/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37196184 http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15592294.2023.2211362 |
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