Process evaluation findings of a fall prevention and management program for wheelchair and scooter users with multiple sclerosis

OBJECTIVE: To describe process evaluation findings of a clinical trial to evaluate the Individualized Reduction of Falls (iROLL) program, a 6-session, group-based intervention designed to reduce fall incidence among people living with multiple sclerosis (MS) who use a wheelchair or scooter full-time. METHODS: A mixed-methods process evaluation focusing on implementation and mechanisms of impact (MOI) was conducted. Both iROLL participants and trainers (licensed occupational or physical therapists) provided input. RESULTS: Seventeen iROLL participants and nine trainers participated. The overall session attendance rate was 93%. Content and logistics fidelity were 95% and 90%, respectively and average overall participant satisfaction rating was 4.7/5.0. Five MOI themes emerged: group dynamic, comprehensive nature of the program, strong program development, role of a skilled interventionist, and motivated participants. Recruitment challenged program reach. CONCLUSION: iROLL is acceptable to the target audience, can be delivered with high fidelity and has diverse and interacting mechanisms of impact operating. Remote delivery may improve reach. INNOVATION: Effective iROLL delivery requires trainers with strong group management skills who can also individualize material while maintaining program fidelity. Comprehensive training and on-going support of the occupational and physical therapists delivering iROLL bolsters program effectiveness. Program access may improve with online delivery.