Cargando…
The five self-harm behavior groupings measure: empirical and thematic data from a novel comprehensive self-harm assessment
INTRODUCTION: The Five Self-Harm Behavior Groupings Measure (5S-HM) is a novel assessment that evaluates behaviours which may go undetected by existing measures. Self-harm is formulated across directness and lethality spectra, including under-studied behaviors such as indirect self-harm, harmful sel...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
---|---|
Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2023
|
Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10196393/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37215657 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1147206 |
_version_ | 1785044343563747328 |
---|---|
author | Liljedahl, Sophie I. Daukantaitė, Daiva Kleindienst, Nikolaus Wångby-Lundh, Margit Westling, Sofie |
author_facet | Liljedahl, Sophie I. Daukantaitė, Daiva Kleindienst, Nikolaus Wångby-Lundh, Margit Westling, Sofie |
author_sort | Liljedahl, Sophie I. |
collection | PubMed |
description | INTRODUCTION: The Five Self-Harm Behavior Groupings Measure (5S-HM) is a novel assessment that evaluates behaviours which may go undetected by existing measures. Self-harm is formulated across directness and lethality spectra, including under-studied behaviors such as indirect self-harm, harmful self-neglect and sexual self-harm. Aims of the study were to: (1) empirically evaluate the 5S-HM; (2) to determine whether the 5S-HM generates relevant new information with respect to the forms and functions given by participants for self-harm within a clinical sample; (3) to test the utility and novel contributions of the Unified Model of Self-Harm and the 5S-HM by extension. METHODS: Data were collected from N = 199 individuals (M(age) = 29.98, SD = 8.41, 86.4% female), receiving specialized evidence-based treatments for self-harm, borderline personality disorder or eating disorders. Construct validity was determined via Spearman correlations, and internal consistency was established from Cronbach’s alpha. Inductive thematic analysis was used to analyze and interpret qualitative data on reasons, forms and functions participants reported in relation to self-harm following Braun and Clarke’s analytic guidelines. Thematic mapping was used to summarize qualitative data. RESULTS: Test-retest reliability on a subsample of n = 24, tested 14 days after Time 1 was supported by a good intraclass correlation (0.68). Internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha = 0.75) was acceptable to good, as was construct validity comparing the 5S-HM total score to two validated self-harm measures (rho = 0.40, p < 0.01; rho = 0.26, p < 0.01). A thematic map depicting antecedents and consequences of self-harm over time suggests that self-harm is initiated by negative emotional states and self-intolerance. Novel findings in relation to sexual self-harm indicated that reasons for these behaviors were either to improve or worsen one’s situation through being hurt by someone else. DISCUSSION: The empirical analyses of the 5S-HM demonstrate that it is a robust measure for use in clinical and research settings. Thematic analyses proposed explanations for why self-harm behaviors are initiated and how they are reinforced over time. Sexual self-harm in particular requires further careful study. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-10196393 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-101963932023-05-20 The five self-harm behavior groupings measure: empirical and thematic data from a novel comprehensive self-harm assessment Liljedahl, Sophie I. Daukantaitė, Daiva Kleindienst, Nikolaus Wångby-Lundh, Margit Westling, Sofie Front Psychiatry Psychiatry INTRODUCTION: The Five Self-Harm Behavior Groupings Measure (5S-HM) is a novel assessment that evaluates behaviours which may go undetected by existing measures. Self-harm is formulated across directness and lethality spectra, including under-studied behaviors such as indirect self-harm, harmful self-neglect and sexual self-harm. Aims of the study were to: (1) empirically evaluate the 5S-HM; (2) to determine whether the 5S-HM generates relevant new information with respect to the forms and functions given by participants for self-harm within a clinical sample; (3) to test the utility and novel contributions of the Unified Model of Self-Harm and the 5S-HM by extension. METHODS: Data were collected from N = 199 individuals (M(age) = 29.98, SD = 8.41, 86.4% female), receiving specialized evidence-based treatments for self-harm, borderline personality disorder or eating disorders. Construct validity was determined via Spearman correlations, and internal consistency was established from Cronbach’s alpha. Inductive thematic analysis was used to analyze and interpret qualitative data on reasons, forms and functions participants reported in relation to self-harm following Braun and Clarke’s analytic guidelines. Thematic mapping was used to summarize qualitative data. RESULTS: Test-retest reliability on a subsample of n = 24, tested 14 days after Time 1 was supported by a good intraclass correlation (0.68). Internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha = 0.75) was acceptable to good, as was construct validity comparing the 5S-HM total score to two validated self-harm measures (rho = 0.40, p < 0.01; rho = 0.26, p < 0.01). A thematic map depicting antecedents and consequences of self-harm over time suggests that self-harm is initiated by negative emotional states and self-intolerance. Novel findings in relation to sexual self-harm indicated that reasons for these behaviors were either to improve or worsen one’s situation through being hurt by someone else. DISCUSSION: The empirical analyses of the 5S-HM demonstrate that it is a robust measure for use in clinical and research settings. Thematic analyses proposed explanations for why self-harm behaviors are initiated and how they are reinforced over time. Sexual self-harm in particular requires further careful study. Frontiers Media S.A. 2023-05-05 /pmc/articles/PMC10196393/ /pubmed/37215657 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1147206 Text en Copyright © 2023 Liljedahl, Daukantaitė, Kleindienst, Wångby-Lundh and Westling. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
spellingShingle | Psychiatry Liljedahl, Sophie I. Daukantaitė, Daiva Kleindienst, Nikolaus Wångby-Lundh, Margit Westling, Sofie The five self-harm behavior groupings measure: empirical and thematic data from a novel comprehensive self-harm assessment |
title | The five self-harm behavior groupings measure: empirical and thematic data from a novel comprehensive self-harm assessment |
title_full | The five self-harm behavior groupings measure: empirical and thematic data from a novel comprehensive self-harm assessment |
title_fullStr | The five self-harm behavior groupings measure: empirical and thematic data from a novel comprehensive self-harm assessment |
title_full_unstemmed | The five self-harm behavior groupings measure: empirical and thematic data from a novel comprehensive self-harm assessment |
title_short | The five self-harm behavior groupings measure: empirical and thematic data from a novel comprehensive self-harm assessment |
title_sort | five self-harm behavior groupings measure: empirical and thematic data from a novel comprehensive self-harm assessment |
topic | Psychiatry |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10196393/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37215657 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1147206 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT liljedahlsophiei thefiveselfharmbehaviorgroupingsmeasureempiricalandthematicdatafromanovelcomprehensiveselfharmassessment AT daukantaitedaiva thefiveselfharmbehaviorgroupingsmeasureempiricalandthematicdatafromanovelcomprehensiveselfharmassessment AT kleindienstnikolaus thefiveselfharmbehaviorgroupingsmeasureempiricalandthematicdatafromanovelcomprehensiveselfharmassessment AT wangbylundhmargit thefiveselfharmbehaviorgroupingsmeasureempiricalandthematicdatafromanovelcomprehensiveselfharmassessment AT westlingsofie thefiveselfharmbehaviorgroupingsmeasureempiricalandthematicdatafromanovelcomprehensiveselfharmassessment AT liljedahlsophiei fiveselfharmbehaviorgroupingsmeasureempiricalandthematicdatafromanovelcomprehensiveselfharmassessment AT daukantaitedaiva fiveselfharmbehaviorgroupingsmeasureempiricalandthematicdatafromanovelcomprehensiveselfharmassessment AT kleindienstnikolaus fiveselfharmbehaviorgroupingsmeasureempiricalandthematicdatafromanovelcomprehensiveselfharmassessment AT wangbylundhmargit fiveselfharmbehaviorgroupingsmeasureempiricalandthematicdatafromanovelcomprehensiveselfharmassessment AT westlingsofie fiveselfharmbehaviorgroupingsmeasureempiricalandthematicdatafromanovelcomprehensiveselfharmassessment |