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Accelerated forgetting in healthy older samples: Implications for methodology, future ageing studies, and early identification of risk of dementia
Accelerated long-term forgetting (ALF) has been reported in healthy older individuals, and is a possible early marker for risk of developing Alzheimer’s disease (AD). The Verbal Associative Learning and Memory Test (VALMT) addresses methodological weaknesses in existing clinical tests and has detect...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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SAGE Publications
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10196925/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35786222 http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/17470218221113412 |
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author | McGibbon, Terence Jansari, Ashok Demirjian, Jessica Nemes, Ana Opre, Adrian |
author_facet | McGibbon, Terence Jansari, Ashok Demirjian, Jessica Nemes, Ana Opre, Adrian |
author_sort | McGibbon, Terence |
collection | PubMed |
description | Accelerated long-term forgetting (ALF) has been reported in healthy older individuals, and is a possible early marker for risk of developing Alzheimer’s disease (AD). The Verbal Associative Learning and Memory Test (VALMT) addresses methodological weaknesses in existing clinical tests and has detected ALF in epilepsy within an hour. We used VALMT to investigate learning and forgetting in healthy Older participants. Older (60–69 years) and Younger (19–31 years) participants were compared. Using VALMT, unrelated word pairs were learnt to criterion, then cued-recall tested at delays of 5, 30, and 55 min. Unique pairs were tested at each delay. Subjective memory complaints data was gathered, and the Wechsler Memory Scale Logical Memory test (WMS-LM; a standard clinical measure) was administered. VALMT identified a significant difference in delayed recall between Younger and Older groups by 55 min (d = 1.32). While “fast-learning” Older participants scored similarly to Younger participants, “slow-learning” Older participants were impaired at all delays. Forgetting rates suggested degradation of memory starts during early synaptic consolidation rather than later system-level consolidation. Increased subjective memory complaints were associated with reduced VALMT scores. By contrast, WMS-LM failed to identify significant differences between any groups, and did not correlate with memory complaints. We conclude that VALMT may be better able than WMS-LM to identify subtle impairments in healthy older adults within a single clinical visit, and VALMT results better reflect subjective experience. Older slow-learners forget faster and report more subjective memory complaints, which may indicate a group at risk of developing AD. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-10196925 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | SAGE Publications |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-101969252023-05-20 Accelerated forgetting in healthy older samples: Implications for methodology, future ageing studies, and early identification of risk of dementia McGibbon, Terence Jansari, Ashok Demirjian, Jessica Nemes, Ana Opre, Adrian Q J Exp Psychol (Hove) Original Articles Accelerated long-term forgetting (ALF) has been reported in healthy older individuals, and is a possible early marker for risk of developing Alzheimer’s disease (AD). The Verbal Associative Learning and Memory Test (VALMT) addresses methodological weaknesses in existing clinical tests and has detected ALF in epilepsy within an hour. We used VALMT to investigate learning and forgetting in healthy Older participants. Older (60–69 years) and Younger (19–31 years) participants were compared. Using VALMT, unrelated word pairs were learnt to criterion, then cued-recall tested at delays of 5, 30, and 55 min. Unique pairs were tested at each delay. Subjective memory complaints data was gathered, and the Wechsler Memory Scale Logical Memory test (WMS-LM; a standard clinical measure) was administered. VALMT identified a significant difference in delayed recall between Younger and Older groups by 55 min (d = 1.32). While “fast-learning” Older participants scored similarly to Younger participants, “slow-learning” Older participants were impaired at all delays. Forgetting rates suggested degradation of memory starts during early synaptic consolidation rather than later system-level consolidation. Increased subjective memory complaints were associated with reduced VALMT scores. By contrast, WMS-LM failed to identify significant differences between any groups, and did not correlate with memory complaints. We conclude that VALMT may be better able than WMS-LM to identify subtle impairments in healthy older adults within a single clinical visit, and VALMT results better reflect subjective experience. Older slow-learners forget faster and report more subjective memory complaints, which may indicate a group at risk of developing AD. SAGE Publications 2022-08-01 2023-06 /pmc/articles/PMC10196925/ /pubmed/35786222 http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/17470218221113412 Text en © Experimental Psychology Society 2022 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) which permits any use, reproduction and distribution of the work without further permission provided the original work is attributed as specified on the SAGE and Open Access pages (https://us.sagepub.com/en-us/nam/open-access-at-sage). |
spellingShingle | Original Articles McGibbon, Terence Jansari, Ashok Demirjian, Jessica Nemes, Ana Opre, Adrian Accelerated forgetting in healthy older samples: Implications for methodology, future ageing studies, and early identification of risk of dementia |
title | Accelerated forgetting in healthy older samples: Implications for methodology, future ageing studies, and early identification of risk of dementia |
title_full | Accelerated forgetting in healthy older samples: Implications for methodology, future ageing studies, and early identification of risk of dementia |
title_fullStr | Accelerated forgetting in healthy older samples: Implications for methodology, future ageing studies, and early identification of risk of dementia |
title_full_unstemmed | Accelerated forgetting in healthy older samples: Implications for methodology, future ageing studies, and early identification of risk of dementia |
title_short | Accelerated forgetting in healthy older samples: Implications for methodology, future ageing studies, and early identification of risk of dementia |
title_sort | accelerated forgetting in healthy older samples: implications for methodology, future ageing studies, and early identification of risk of dementia |
topic | Original Articles |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10196925/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35786222 http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/17470218221113412 |
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