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Comparison of different methods used in drugs of abuse for sample validity testing including pH methods, specific gravity methods, TECO™ Drug Adulteration Test Strip and oxidant assay

OBJECTIVES: In the absence of sample validity testing, a healthcare provider may fail to identify a patient’s adulteration of their urine sample. This study compared different methods for specific gravity (SG), pH, TECO™ Drug Adulteration Test Strip (dipstick) and oxidant assay to explain the differ...

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Autores principales: Mina, Ashraf, Stathopoulos, John, Sinanian, Taveet, McNeice, Leah, Holmes, Deirdre, Fletcher, Kristi-Lee, Bottero, Emily, Banukumar, Shanmugam, Vazquez, Santiago
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: De Gruyter 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10197345/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37360899
http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/almed-2021-0026
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author Mina, Ashraf
Stathopoulos, John
Sinanian, Taveet
McNeice, Leah
Holmes, Deirdre
Fletcher, Kristi-Lee
Bottero, Emily
Banukumar, Shanmugam
Vazquez, Santiago
author_facet Mina, Ashraf
Stathopoulos, John
Sinanian, Taveet
McNeice, Leah
Holmes, Deirdre
Fletcher, Kristi-Lee
Bottero, Emily
Banukumar, Shanmugam
Vazquez, Santiago
author_sort Mina, Ashraf
collection PubMed
description OBJECTIVES: In the absence of sample validity testing, a healthcare provider may fail to identify a patient’s adulteration of their urine sample. This study compared different methods for specific gravity (SG), pH, TECO™ Drug Adulteration Test Strip (dipstick) and oxidant assay to explain the differences and also make an informative decision on method selection. METHODS: Creatinine, SG and pH measurements are essential in sample validity testing. SG and pH automated chemical methods are compared against pH meter method, SG refractometer and dipstick method. Also, oxidant assay was compared against dipstick method. RESULTS: SG chemical method agreement with refractometer is 81.9% and with dipstick method is 64.7%. The refractometer method agreement with dipstick method is 66.1%. pH chemical method agreement with pH Meter method is 74.3% and with dipstick method is 81.4%. pH meter method agreement is 85.7% with dipstick method. Results were analysed using Deming regression analysis and F-test. SG chemical method correlated better with refractometer than the dipstick method. Oxidant assay correlated well with dipstick method in detecting adulterants such as pyridinium chlorochromate, nitrite and bleach. CONCLUSIONS: Varying degrees of differences were seen in the SG and pH measurements. These differences were both method and instrument dependent. The automated chemical methods are recommended alongside oxidant assay for consistency, accuracy and faster turn-around time as part of sample validity testing for drugs of abuse.
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spelling pubmed-101973452023-06-23 Comparison of different methods used in drugs of abuse for sample validity testing including pH methods, specific gravity methods, TECO™ Drug Adulteration Test Strip and oxidant assay Mina, Ashraf Stathopoulos, John Sinanian, Taveet McNeice, Leah Holmes, Deirdre Fletcher, Kristi-Lee Bottero, Emily Banukumar, Shanmugam Vazquez, Santiago Adv Lab Med Article OBJECTIVES: In the absence of sample validity testing, a healthcare provider may fail to identify a patient’s adulteration of their urine sample. This study compared different methods for specific gravity (SG), pH, TECO™ Drug Adulteration Test Strip (dipstick) and oxidant assay to explain the differences and also make an informative decision on method selection. METHODS: Creatinine, SG and pH measurements are essential in sample validity testing. SG and pH automated chemical methods are compared against pH meter method, SG refractometer and dipstick method. Also, oxidant assay was compared against dipstick method. RESULTS: SG chemical method agreement with refractometer is 81.9% and with dipstick method is 64.7%. The refractometer method agreement with dipstick method is 66.1%. pH chemical method agreement with pH Meter method is 74.3% and with dipstick method is 81.4%. pH meter method agreement is 85.7% with dipstick method. Results were analysed using Deming regression analysis and F-test. SG chemical method correlated better with refractometer than the dipstick method. Oxidant assay correlated well with dipstick method in detecting adulterants such as pyridinium chlorochromate, nitrite and bleach. CONCLUSIONS: Varying degrees of differences were seen in the SG and pH measurements. These differences were both method and instrument dependent. The automated chemical methods are recommended alongside oxidant assay for consistency, accuracy and faster turn-around time as part of sample validity testing for drugs of abuse. De Gruyter 2021-06-04 /pmc/articles/PMC10197345/ /pubmed/37360899 http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/almed-2021-0026 Text en © 2021 Ashraf Mina et al., published by De Gruyter, Berlin/Boston https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
spellingShingle Article
Mina, Ashraf
Stathopoulos, John
Sinanian, Taveet
McNeice, Leah
Holmes, Deirdre
Fletcher, Kristi-Lee
Bottero, Emily
Banukumar, Shanmugam
Vazquez, Santiago
Comparison of different methods used in drugs of abuse for sample validity testing including pH methods, specific gravity methods, TECO™ Drug Adulteration Test Strip and oxidant assay
title Comparison of different methods used in drugs of abuse for sample validity testing including pH methods, specific gravity methods, TECO™ Drug Adulteration Test Strip and oxidant assay
title_full Comparison of different methods used in drugs of abuse for sample validity testing including pH methods, specific gravity methods, TECO™ Drug Adulteration Test Strip and oxidant assay
title_fullStr Comparison of different methods used in drugs of abuse for sample validity testing including pH methods, specific gravity methods, TECO™ Drug Adulteration Test Strip and oxidant assay
title_full_unstemmed Comparison of different methods used in drugs of abuse for sample validity testing including pH methods, specific gravity methods, TECO™ Drug Adulteration Test Strip and oxidant assay
title_short Comparison of different methods used in drugs of abuse for sample validity testing including pH methods, specific gravity methods, TECO™ Drug Adulteration Test Strip and oxidant assay
title_sort comparison of different methods used in drugs of abuse for sample validity testing including ph methods, specific gravity methods, teco™ drug adulteration test strip and oxidant assay
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10197345/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37360899
http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/almed-2021-0026
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