Advances in the study of regulators of ferroptosis in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (Review)

Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), a common malignancy of the head and neck, is associated with a rapid progression, a high mortality rate and unsatisfactory curative effects. The treatment efficacy is unsatisfactory due to chemotherapeutic drug resistance, the lack of ideal therapeutic agents, as well as the absence of clinical prognostic models. Thus, the identification of novel potential therapeutic targets for its diagnosis and treatment is vital. Ferroptosis is an iron-dependent regulatory cell death mode different from traditional cell death modes, such as apoptosis and autophagy, and has notable therapeutic potential in cancer treatment. The study of ferroptosis in HNSCC is expected to solve this bottleneck problem. In the present review, the findings, characteristics and regulatory mechanisms of ferroptosis are summarized, with emphasis on the factors and drugs that regulate ferroptosis in HNSCC, in order to provide theoretical basis for the targeted therapy of ferroptosis in HNSCC.