Mechanistic Regulation of Wnt Pathway-Related Progression of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Airway Lesions

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a chronic disease associated with inflammation and structural changes in the airways and lungs, resulting from a combination of genetic and environmental factors. This interaction highlights significant genes in early life, particularly those involved in lung development, such as the Wnt signaling pathway. The Wnt signaling pathway plays an important role in cell homeostasis, and its abnormal activation can lead to the occurrence of related diseases such as asthma, COPD, and lung cancer. Due to the fact that the Wnt pathway is mechanically sensitive, abnormal activation of the Wnt pathway by mechanical stress contributes to the progression of chronic diseases. But in the context of COPD, it has received little attention. In this review, we aim to summarize the important current evidence on mechanical stress through the Wnt pathway in airway inflammation and structural changes in COPD and to provide potential targets for COPD treatment strategies.