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Association between cardio-ankle vascular index and cardiometabolic risk factors in HIV patients in Ghana

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is associated with increased cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) even in patients with viral suppression by combination antiretroviral therapy (cART). Arterial stiffness is an independent predictor of CVDs in diseased individuals and the general population. Ca...

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Autores principales: Yeboah, Kwame, Essel, Samuel, Agyekum, Jennifer, Dzudzor, Bartholomew
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Taylor & Francis 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10202002/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37207315
http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/19932820.2023.2215636
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author Yeboah, Kwame
Essel, Samuel
Agyekum, Jennifer
Dzudzor, Bartholomew
author_facet Yeboah, Kwame
Essel, Samuel
Agyekum, Jennifer
Dzudzor, Bartholomew
author_sort Yeboah, Kwame
collection PubMed
description Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is associated with increased cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) even in patients with viral suppression by combination antiretroviral therapy (cART). Arterial stiffness is an independent predictor of CVDs in diseased individuals and the general population. Cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI) is an index of arterial stiffness that has been shown to predict target organ damage. CAVI is less studied in HIV patients. We compared the levels of arterial stiffness using CAVI and associated factors among cART-treated and cART-naïve HIV patients to those of non-HIV controls. In a case-control design, 158 cART-treated HIV patients, 150 cART-naïve HIV patients and 156 non-HIV controls were recruited from a periurban hospital. We collected data on CVD risk factors, anthropometric characteristics, CAVI, and fasting blood samples to measure plasma glucose, lipid profile, and CD4+ cell counts. Metabolic abnormalities were defined using the JIS criteria. CAVI increased in cART-treated HIV patients compared to cART-naïve HIV patients and non-HIV controls (7.8 ± 1.4 vs 6.6 ± 1.1 vs 6.7 ± 1.4 respectively, p < 0.001). CAVI was associated with metabolic syndrome in non-HIV controls [OR (95% CI) = 2.14 (1.04–4.4), p = 0.039] and cART-naïve HIV patients [1.47 (1.21–2.38), p = 0.015], but not in cART-treated HIV patients [0.81 (0.52–1.26), p = 0.353]. In cART-treated HIV patients, a tenofovir (TDF)-based regimen (β = −0.46, p = 0.023) was associated with decreased CAVI and decreased CD4+ cell count (β = −0.23, p = 0.047) was associated with increased CAVI. In a periurban hospital in Ghana, compared to non-HIV controls or cART-naïve HIV patients, cART-treated HIV patients had increased arterial stiffness measured as CAVI. CAVI is associated with metabolic abnormalities in non-HIV controls and cART-naïve HIV patients, but not in cART-treated HIV patients. Patients on TDF-based regimens had decreased CAVI.
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spelling pubmed-102020022023-05-23 Association between cardio-ankle vascular index and cardiometabolic risk factors in HIV patients in Ghana Yeboah, Kwame Essel, Samuel Agyekum, Jennifer Dzudzor, Bartholomew Libyan J Med Original Article Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is associated with increased cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) even in patients with viral suppression by combination antiretroviral therapy (cART). Arterial stiffness is an independent predictor of CVDs in diseased individuals and the general population. Cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI) is an index of arterial stiffness that has been shown to predict target organ damage. CAVI is less studied in HIV patients. We compared the levels of arterial stiffness using CAVI and associated factors among cART-treated and cART-naïve HIV patients to those of non-HIV controls. In a case-control design, 158 cART-treated HIV patients, 150 cART-naïve HIV patients and 156 non-HIV controls were recruited from a periurban hospital. We collected data on CVD risk factors, anthropometric characteristics, CAVI, and fasting blood samples to measure plasma glucose, lipid profile, and CD4+ cell counts. Metabolic abnormalities were defined using the JIS criteria. CAVI increased in cART-treated HIV patients compared to cART-naïve HIV patients and non-HIV controls (7.8 ± 1.4 vs 6.6 ± 1.1 vs 6.7 ± 1.4 respectively, p < 0.001). CAVI was associated with metabolic syndrome in non-HIV controls [OR (95% CI) = 2.14 (1.04–4.4), p = 0.039] and cART-naïve HIV patients [1.47 (1.21–2.38), p = 0.015], but not in cART-treated HIV patients [0.81 (0.52–1.26), p = 0.353]. In cART-treated HIV patients, a tenofovir (TDF)-based regimen (β = −0.46, p = 0.023) was associated with decreased CAVI and decreased CD4+ cell count (β = −0.23, p = 0.047) was associated with increased CAVI. In a periurban hospital in Ghana, compared to non-HIV controls or cART-naïve HIV patients, cART-treated HIV patients had increased arterial stiffness measured as CAVI. CAVI is associated with metabolic abnormalities in non-HIV controls and cART-naïve HIV patients, but not in cART-treated HIV patients. Patients on TDF-based regimens had decreased CAVI. Taylor & Francis 2023-05-19 /pmc/articles/PMC10202002/ /pubmed/37207315 http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/19932820.2023.2215636 Text en © 2023 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) ), which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. The terms on which this article has been published allow the posting of the Accepted Manuscript in a repository by the author(s) or with their consent.
spellingShingle Original Article
Yeboah, Kwame
Essel, Samuel
Agyekum, Jennifer
Dzudzor, Bartholomew
Association between cardio-ankle vascular index and cardiometabolic risk factors in HIV patients in Ghana
title Association between cardio-ankle vascular index and cardiometabolic risk factors in HIV patients in Ghana
title_full Association between cardio-ankle vascular index and cardiometabolic risk factors in HIV patients in Ghana
title_fullStr Association between cardio-ankle vascular index and cardiometabolic risk factors in HIV patients in Ghana
title_full_unstemmed Association between cardio-ankle vascular index and cardiometabolic risk factors in HIV patients in Ghana
title_short Association between cardio-ankle vascular index and cardiometabolic risk factors in HIV patients in Ghana
title_sort association between cardio-ankle vascular index and cardiometabolic risk factors in hiv patients in ghana
topic Original Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10202002/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37207315
http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/19932820.2023.2215636
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