A Study of the Effect of Pre-emptive Oral Clonidine on Intraoperative Haemodynamics and Surgical Field Quality During Functional Endoscopic Sinus Surgery Under General Anaesthesia

Introduction For endoscopic sinus surgery for rhinosinusitis, pre-emptive Alpha 2 agonist clonidine has been used to reduce sympathetic output, which lowers blood pressure and consequently surgical bleeding. The aim of this study was to analyze the effects of oral clonidine premedication in patients undergoing functional endoscopic sinus surgery. Methods This study was performed between December 2020 to November 2022 among two groups of 30 patients each: clonidine (200 μgm oral) and placebo. Parameters were recorded at baseline, 60 mins after administering the drugs, at induction, and at minutes five, 10, 20, 30, 45, 60, 75, 105, and 120. Six-point average category scale for bleeding was studied. IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, Version 20.0 (Released 2011; IBM Corp., Armonk, New York, United States) was used for statistical analysis, and p < 0.05 was considered significant. Results Demographic criteria were statistically non-significant. Heart rate (HR) and mean arterial pressure (MAP) were statistically non-significant at baseline and the 120th min mark, and were significant at other time intervals. The blood loss grading was less in the clonidine group, and the difference was found to be statistically significant (P < 0.001). Conclusion Pre-emptive oral clonidine 200 mcg 60 min prior to induction was found to reduce surgical bleeding by controlling haemodynamics.