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COVID-19 hospitalisations and all-cause mortality by risk group in Finland

Ever since COVID-19 was announced as a global pandemic in March 2020, healthcare systems around the world have struggled with the burden of the disease. Vaccinations and other preventive measures have decreased this burden, but severe forms of COVID-19 leading to hospitalizations and even deaths sti...

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Autores principales: Summanen, Milla, Kosunen, Mikko, Kainu, Ville, Cansel, Anniina, Niskanen, Severi, Nurmi, Lalli, Leskelä, Riikka-Leena, Isomeri, Outi
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Public Library of Science 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10204977/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37220129
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0286142
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author Summanen, Milla
Kosunen, Mikko
Kainu, Ville
Cansel, Anniina
Niskanen, Severi
Nurmi, Lalli
Leskelä, Riikka-Leena
Isomeri, Outi
author_facet Summanen, Milla
Kosunen, Mikko
Kainu, Ville
Cansel, Anniina
Niskanen, Severi
Nurmi, Lalli
Leskelä, Riikka-Leena
Isomeri, Outi
author_sort Summanen, Milla
collection PubMed
description Ever since COVID-19 was announced as a global pandemic in March 2020, healthcare systems around the world have struggled with the burden of the disease. Vaccinations and other preventive measures have decreased this burden, but severe forms of COVID-19 leading to hospitalizations and even deaths still effect certain risk groups, such as the elderly and patients with multiple comorbidities. The objective of this retrospective observational study was to identify which risk groups are at the highest risk for a severe COVID-19 infection in Finland using national registry data ranging from January 2021 to June 2022. The data was analysed in three time periods, enabling comparisons in high-risk groups between epidemiological waves caused by different variants of SARS-CoV-2. The summary level data were stratified according to predefined groups based on two criteria: age (≥18 years, 18–59 years, and ≥60 years) and risk group. The results include analysis of infection hospitalisation rate (IHR), case fatality rate (CFR) and average length of stay (LOS) in both primary and specialty care for each risk group and age group. Our results confirm that despite the decrease in COVID-19 hospitalisations and deaths observed during the study period, a significant proportion of patients are still hospitalised, and deaths occur especially in the 60+ population. Also, even though the average length of stay of hospitalised COVID-19 patients has decreased, it is still long compared to specialty care hospitalisations in general. Old age is a significant risk factor for severe COVID-19 in all patient groups and certain risk factors such as chronic kidney disease clearly increase the risk for severe COVID-19 outcomes. Early treatment should be considered with a low threshold for risk group patients and for elderly patients in order to avoid severe disease courses, and to ease the burden on hospitals where resources are currently very strained.
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spelling pubmed-102049772023-05-24 COVID-19 hospitalisations and all-cause mortality by risk group in Finland Summanen, Milla Kosunen, Mikko Kainu, Ville Cansel, Anniina Niskanen, Severi Nurmi, Lalli Leskelä, Riikka-Leena Isomeri, Outi PLoS One Research Article Ever since COVID-19 was announced as a global pandemic in March 2020, healthcare systems around the world have struggled with the burden of the disease. Vaccinations and other preventive measures have decreased this burden, but severe forms of COVID-19 leading to hospitalizations and even deaths still effect certain risk groups, such as the elderly and patients with multiple comorbidities. The objective of this retrospective observational study was to identify which risk groups are at the highest risk for a severe COVID-19 infection in Finland using national registry data ranging from January 2021 to June 2022. The data was analysed in three time periods, enabling comparisons in high-risk groups between epidemiological waves caused by different variants of SARS-CoV-2. The summary level data were stratified according to predefined groups based on two criteria: age (≥18 years, 18–59 years, and ≥60 years) and risk group. The results include analysis of infection hospitalisation rate (IHR), case fatality rate (CFR) and average length of stay (LOS) in both primary and specialty care for each risk group and age group. Our results confirm that despite the decrease in COVID-19 hospitalisations and deaths observed during the study period, a significant proportion of patients are still hospitalised, and deaths occur especially in the 60+ population. Also, even though the average length of stay of hospitalised COVID-19 patients has decreased, it is still long compared to specialty care hospitalisations in general. Old age is a significant risk factor for severe COVID-19 in all patient groups and certain risk factors such as chronic kidney disease clearly increase the risk for severe COVID-19 outcomes. Early treatment should be considered with a low threshold for risk group patients and for elderly patients in order to avoid severe disease courses, and to ease the burden on hospitals where resources are currently very strained. Public Library of Science 2023-05-23 /pmc/articles/PMC10204977/ /pubmed/37220129 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0286142 Text en © 2023 Summanen et al https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Summanen, Milla
Kosunen, Mikko
Kainu, Ville
Cansel, Anniina
Niskanen, Severi
Nurmi, Lalli
Leskelä, Riikka-Leena
Isomeri, Outi
COVID-19 hospitalisations and all-cause mortality by risk group in Finland
title COVID-19 hospitalisations and all-cause mortality by risk group in Finland
title_full COVID-19 hospitalisations and all-cause mortality by risk group in Finland
title_fullStr COVID-19 hospitalisations and all-cause mortality by risk group in Finland
title_full_unstemmed COVID-19 hospitalisations and all-cause mortality by risk group in Finland
title_short COVID-19 hospitalisations and all-cause mortality by risk group in Finland
title_sort covid-19 hospitalisations and all-cause mortality by risk group in finland
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10204977/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37220129
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0286142
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