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Effects of population density and environmental conditions on life‐history prevalence in a migratory fish

Individual variation in life‐history traits can have important implications for the ability of populations to respond to environmental variability and change. In migratory animals, flexibility in the timing of life‐history events, such as juvenile emigration from natal areas, can influence the effec...

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Autores principales: Sorel, Mark H., Murdoch, Andrew R., Zabel, Richard W., Kamphaus, Cory M., Buhle, Eric R., Scheuerell, Mark D., Converse, Sarah J.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: John Wiley and Sons Inc. 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10206029/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37234292
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ece3.10087
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author Sorel, Mark H.
Murdoch, Andrew R.
Zabel, Richard W.
Kamphaus, Cory M.
Buhle, Eric R.
Scheuerell, Mark D.
Converse, Sarah J.
author_facet Sorel, Mark H.
Murdoch, Andrew R.
Zabel, Richard W.
Kamphaus, Cory M.
Buhle, Eric R.
Scheuerell, Mark D.
Converse, Sarah J.
author_sort Sorel, Mark H.
collection PubMed
description Individual variation in life‐history traits can have important implications for the ability of populations to respond to environmental variability and change. In migratory animals, flexibility in the timing of life‐history events, such as juvenile emigration from natal areas, can influence the effects of population density and environmental conditions on habitat use and population dynamics. We evaluated the functional relationships between population density and environmental covariates and the abundance of juveniles expressing different life‐history pathways in a migratory fish, Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha), in the Wenatchee River basin in Washington State, USA. We found that the abundance of younger emigrants from natal streams was best described by an accelerating or near‐linear function of spawners, whereas the abundance of older emigrants was best described by a decelerating function of spawners. This supports the hypothesis that emigration timing varies in response to density in natal areas, with younger‐emigrating life‐history pathways comprising a larger proportion of emigrants when densities of conspecifics are high. We also observed positive relationships between winter stream discharge and abundance of younger emigrants, supporting the hypothesis that habitat conditions can also influence the prevalence of different life‐history pathways. Our results suggest that early emigration, and a resultant increase in the use of downstream rearing habitats, may increase at higher population densities and with greater winter precipitation. Winter precipitation is projected to increase in this system due to climate warming. Characterizing relationships between life‐history prevalence and environmental conditions may improve our understanding of species habitat requirements and is a first step in understanding the dynamics of species with diverse life‐history strategies. As environmental conditions change—due to climate change, management, or other factors—resultant life‐history changes are likely to have important demographic implications that will be challenging to predict when life‐history diversity is not accounted for in population models.
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spelling pubmed-102060292023-05-25 Effects of population density and environmental conditions on life‐history prevalence in a migratory fish Sorel, Mark H. Murdoch, Andrew R. Zabel, Richard W. Kamphaus, Cory M. Buhle, Eric R. Scheuerell, Mark D. Converse, Sarah J. Ecol Evol Research Articles Individual variation in life‐history traits can have important implications for the ability of populations to respond to environmental variability and change. In migratory animals, flexibility in the timing of life‐history events, such as juvenile emigration from natal areas, can influence the effects of population density and environmental conditions on habitat use and population dynamics. We evaluated the functional relationships between population density and environmental covariates and the abundance of juveniles expressing different life‐history pathways in a migratory fish, Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha), in the Wenatchee River basin in Washington State, USA. We found that the abundance of younger emigrants from natal streams was best described by an accelerating or near‐linear function of spawners, whereas the abundance of older emigrants was best described by a decelerating function of spawners. This supports the hypothesis that emigration timing varies in response to density in natal areas, with younger‐emigrating life‐history pathways comprising a larger proportion of emigrants when densities of conspecifics are high. We also observed positive relationships between winter stream discharge and abundance of younger emigrants, supporting the hypothesis that habitat conditions can also influence the prevalence of different life‐history pathways. Our results suggest that early emigration, and a resultant increase in the use of downstream rearing habitats, may increase at higher population densities and with greater winter precipitation. Winter precipitation is projected to increase in this system due to climate warming. Characterizing relationships between life‐history prevalence and environmental conditions may improve our understanding of species habitat requirements and is a first step in understanding the dynamics of species with diverse life‐history strategies. As environmental conditions change—due to climate change, management, or other factors—resultant life‐history changes are likely to have important demographic implications that will be challenging to predict when life‐history diversity is not accounted for in population models. John Wiley and Sons Inc. 2023-05-23 /pmc/articles/PMC10206029/ /pubmed/37234292 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ece3.10087 Text en © 2023 The Authors. Ecology and Evolution published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. This article has been contributed to by U.S. Government employees and their work is in the public domain in the USA. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open access article under the terms of the http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Research Articles
Sorel, Mark H.
Murdoch, Andrew R.
Zabel, Richard W.
Kamphaus, Cory M.
Buhle, Eric R.
Scheuerell, Mark D.
Converse, Sarah J.
Effects of population density and environmental conditions on life‐history prevalence in a migratory fish
title Effects of population density and environmental conditions on life‐history prevalence in a migratory fish
title_full Effects of population density and environmental conditions on life‐history prevalence in a migratory fish
title_fullStr Effects of population density and environmental conditions on life‐history prevalence in a migratory fish
title_full_unstemmed Effects of population density and environmental conditions on life‐history prevalence in a migratory fish
title_short Effects of population density and environmental conditions on life‐history prevalence in a migratory fish
title_sort effects of population density and environmental conditions on life‐history prevalence in a migratory fish
topic Research Articles
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10206029/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37234292
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ece3.10087
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