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The building blocks of caveolae revealed: caveolins finally take center stage

The ability of cells to divide, migrate, relay signals, sense mechanical stimuli, and respond to stress all rely on nanoscale invaginations of the plasma membrane known as caveolae. The caveolins, a family of monotopic membrane proteins, form the inner layer of the caveolar coat. Caveolins have long...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autor principal: Kenworthy, Anne K.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Portland Press Ltd. 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10212548/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37082988
http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/BST20221298
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author Kenworthy, Anne K.
author_facet Kenworthy, Anne K.
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description The ability of cells to divide, migrate, relay signals, sense mechanical stimuli, and respond to stress all rely on nanoscale invaginations of the plasma membrane known as caveolae. The caveolins, a family of monotopic membrane proteins, form the inner layer of the caveolar coat. Caveolins have long been implicated in the generation of membrane curvature, in addition to serving as scaffolds for signaling proteins. Until recently, however, the molecular architecture of caveolins was unknown, making it impossible to understand how they operate at a mechanistic level. Over the past year, two independent lines of evidence — experimental and computational — have now converged to provide the first-ever glimpse into the structure of the oligomeric caveolin complexes that function as the building blocks of caveolae. Here, we summarize how these discoveries are transforming our understanding of this long-enigmatic protein family and their role in caveolae assembly and function. We present new models inspired by the structure for how caveolins oligomerize, remodel membranes, interact with their binding partners, and reorganize when mutated. Finally, we discuss emerging insights into structural differences among caveolin family members that enable them to support the proper functions of diverse tissues and organisms.
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spelling pubmed-102125482023-05-26 The building blocks of caveolae revealed: caveolins finally take center stage Kenworthy, Anne K. Biochem Soc Trans Review Articles The ability of cells to divide, migrate, relay signals, sense mechanical stimuli, and respond to stress all rely on nanoscale invaginations of the plasma membrane known as caveolae. The caveolins, a family of monotopic membrane proteins, form the inner layer of the caveolar coat. Caveolins have long been implicated in the generation of membrane curvature, in addition to serving as scaffolds for signaling proteins. Until recently, however, the molecular architecture of caveolins was unknown, making it impossible to understand how they operate at a mechanistic level. Over the past year, two independent lines of evidence — experimental and computational — have now converged to provide the first-ever glimpse into the structure of the oligomeric caveolin complexes that function as the building blocks of caveolae. Here, we summarize how these discoveries are transforming our understanding of this long-enigmatic protein family and their role in caveolae assembly and function. We present new models inspired by the structure for how caveolins oligomerize, remodel membranes, interact with their binding partners, and reorganize when mutated. Finally, we discuss emerging insights into structural differences among caveolin family members that enable them to support the proper functions of diverse tissues and organisms. Portland Press Ltd. 2023-04-26 2023-04-21 /pmc/articles/PMC10212548/ /pubmed/37082988 http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/BST20221298 Text en © 2023 The Author(s) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open access article published by Portland Press Limited on behalf of the Biochemical Society and distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0 (CC BY) (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) .
spellingShingle Review Articles
Kenworthy, Anne K.
The building blocks of caveolae revealed: caveolins finally take center stage
title The building blocks of caveolae revealed: caveolins finally take center stage
title_full The building blocks of caveolae revealed: caveolins finally take center stage
title_fullStr The building blocks of caveolae revealed: caveolins finally take center stage
title_full_unstemmed The building blocks of caveolae revealed: caveolins finally take center stage
title_short The building blocks of caveolae revealed: caveolins finally take center stage
title_sort building blocks of caveolae revealed: caveolins finally take center stage
topic Review Articles
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10212548/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37082988
http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/BST20221298
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