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LPS-Induced Systemic Inflammation Affects the Dynamic Interactions of Astrocytes and Microglia with the Vasculature of the Mouse Brain Cortex

The Neurovascular Unit (NVU), composed of glia (astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, microglia), neurons, pericytes and endothelial cells, is a dynamic interface ensuring the physiological functioning of the central nervous system (CNS), which gets affected and contributes to the pathology of several neuro...

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Autores principales: Xingi, Evangelia, Koutsoudaki, Paraskevi N., Thanou, Irini, Phan, Minh-Son, Margariti, Maria, Scheller, Anja, Tinevez, Jean-Yves, Kirchhoff, Frank, Thomaidou, Dimitra
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10217139/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37408252
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells12101418
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author Xingi, Evangelia
Koutsoudaki, Paraskevi N.
Thanou, Irini
Phan, Minh-Son
Margariti, Maria
Scheller, Anja
Tinevez, Jean-Yves
Kirchhoff, Frank
Thomaidou, Dimitra
author_facet Xingi, Evangelia
Koutsoudaki, Paraskevi N.
Thanou, Irini
Phan, Minh-Son
Margariti, Maria
Scheller, Anja
Tinevez, Jean-Yves
Kirchhoff, Frank
Thomaidou, Dimitra
author_sort Xingi, Evangelia
collection PubMed
description The Neurovascular Unit (NVU), composed of glia (astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, microglia), neurons, pericytes and endothelial cells, is a dynamic interface ensuring the physiological functioning of the central nervous system (CNS), which gets affected and contributes to the pathology of several neurodegenerative diseases. Neuroinflammation is a common feature of neurodegenerative diseases and is primarily related to the activation state of perivascular microglia and astrocytes, which constitute two of its major cellular components. Our studies focus on monitoring in real time the morphological changes of perivascular astrocytes and microglia, as well as their dynamic interactions with the brain vasculature, under physiological conditions and following systemic neuroinflammation triggering both microgliosis and astrogliosis. To this end, we performed 2-photon laser scanning microscopy (2P-LSM) for intravital imaging of the cortex of transgenic mice visualizing the dynamics of microglia and astroglia following neuroinflammation induced by systemic administration of the endotoxin lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Our results indicate that following neuroinflammation the endfeet of activated perivascular astrocytes lose their close proximity and physiological cross-talk with vasculature, an event that most possibly contributes to a loss of blood–brain barrier (BBB) integrity. At the same time, microglial cells become activated and exhibit a higher extent of physical contact with the blood vessels. These dynamic responses of perivascular astrocytes and microglia are peaking at 4 days following LPS administration; however, they still persist at a lower level at 8 days after LPS injection, revealing incomplete reversal of inflammation affecting the glial properties and interactions within the NVU.
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spelling pubmed-102171392023-05-27 LPS-Induced Systemic Inflammation Affects the Dynamic Interactions of Astrocytes and Microglia with the Vasculature of the Mouse Brain Cortex Xingi, Evangelia Koutsoudaki, Paraskevi N. Thanou, Irini Phan, Minh-Son Margariti, Maria Scheller, Anja Tinevez, Jean-Yves Kirchhoff, Frank Thomaidou, Dimitra Cells Article The Neurovascular Unit (NVU), composed of glia (astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, microglia), neurons, pericytes and endothelial cells, is a dynamic interface ensuring the physiological functioning of the central nervous system (CNS), which gets affected and contributes to the pathology of several neurodegenerative diseases. Neuroinflammation is a common feature of neurodegenerative diseases and is primarily related to the activation state of perivascular microglia and astrocytes, which constitute two of its major cellular components. Our studies focus on monitoring in real time the morphological changes of perivascular astrocytes and microglia, as well as their dynamic interactions with the brain vasculature, under physiological conditions and following systemic neuroinflammation triggering both microgliosis and astrogliosis. To this end, we performed 2-photon laser scanning microscopy (2P-LSM) for intravital imaging of the cortex of transgenic mice visualizing the dynamics of microglia and astroglia following neuroinflammation induced by systemic administration of the endotoxin lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Our results indicate that following neuroinflammation the endfeet of activated perivascular astrocytes lose their close proximity and physiological cross-talk with vasculature, an event that most possibly contributes to a loss of blood–brain barrier (BBB) integrity. At the same time, microglial cells become activated and exhibit a higher extent of physical contact with the blood vessels. These dynamic responses of perivascular astrocytes and microglia are peaking at 4 days following LPS administration; however, they still persist at a lower level at 8 days after LPS injection, revealing incomplete reversal of inflammation affecting the glial properties and interactions within the NVU. MDPI 2023-05-17 /pmc/articles/PMC10217139/ /pubmed/37408252 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells12101418 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Xingi, Evangelia
Koutsoudaki, Paraskevi N.
Thanou, Irini
Phan, Minh-Son
Margariti, Maria
Scheller, Anja
Tinevez, Jean-Yves
Kirchhoff, Frank
Thomaidou, Dimitra
LPS-Induced Systemic Inflammation Affects the Dynamic Interactions of Astrocytes and Microglia with the Vasculature of the Mouse Brain Cortex
title LPS-Induced Systemic Inflammation Affects the Dynamic Interactions of Astrocytes and Microglia with the Vasculature of the Mouse Brain Cortex
title_full LPS-Induced Systemic Inflammation Affects the Dynamic Interactions of Astrocytes and Microglia with the Vasculature of the Mouse Brain Cortex
title_fullStr LPS-Induced Systemic Inflammation Affects the Dynamic Interactions of Astrocytes and Microglia with the Vasculature of the Mouse Brain Cortex
title_full_unstemmed LPS-Induced Systemic Inflammation Affects the Dynamic Interactions of Astrocytes and Microglia with the Vasculature of the Mouse Brain Cortex
title_short LPS-Induced Systemic Inflammation Affects the Dynamic Interactions of Astrocytes and Microglia with the Vasculature of the Mouse Brain Cortex
title_sort lps-induced systemic inflammation affects the dynamic interactions of astrocytes and microglia with the vasculature of the mouse brain cortex
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10217139/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37408252
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells12101418
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