Cargando…

Review of Retinal Imaging Modalities for Hydroxychloroquine Retinopathy

This review provides an overview of conventional and novel retinal imaging modalities for hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) retinopathy. HCQ retinopathy is a form of toxic retinopathy resulting from HCQ use for a variety of autoimmune diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus. E...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Cheong, Kai Xiong, Ong, Charles Jit Teng, Chandrasekaran, Priya R, Zhao, Jinzhi, Teo, Kelvin Yi Chong, Mathur, Ranjana
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10217485/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37238236
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics13101752
_version_ 1785048549372723200
author Cheong, Kai Xiong
Ong, Charles Jit Teng
Chandrasekaran, Priya R
Zhao, Jinzhi
Teo, Kelvin Yi Chong
Mathur, Ranjana
author_facet Cheong, Kai Xiong
Ong, Charles Jit Teng
Chandrasekaran, Priya R
Zhao, Jinzhi
Teo, Kelvin Yi Chong
Mathur, Ranjana
author_sort Cheong, Kai Xiong
collection PubMed
description This review provides an overview of conventional and novel retinal imaging modalities for hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) retinopathy. HCQ retinopathy is a form of toxic retinopathy resulting from HCQ use for a variety of autoimmune diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus. Each imaging modality detects a different aspect of HCQ retinopathy and shows a unique complement of structural changes. Conventionally, spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT), which shows loss or attenuation of the outer retina and/or retinal pigment epithelium–Bruch’s membrane complex, and fundus autofluorescence (FAF), which shows parafoveal or pericentral abnormalities, are used to assess HCQ retinopathy. Additionally, several variations of OCT (retinal and choroidal thickness measurements, choroidal vascularity index, widefield OCT, en face imaging, minimum intensity analysis, and artificial intelligence techniques) and FAF techniques (quantitative FAF, near-infrared FAF, fluorescence lifetime imaging ophthalmoscopy, and widefield FAF) have been applied to assess HCQ retinopathy. Other novel retinal imaging techniques that are being studied for early detection of HCQ retinopathy include OCT angiography, multicolour imaging, adaptive optics, and retromode imaging, although further testing is required for validation.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-10217485
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2023
publisher MDPI
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-102174852023-05-27 Review of Retinal Imaging Modalities for Hydroxychloroquine Retinopathy Cheong, Kai Xiong Ong, Charles Jit Teng Chandrasekaran, Priya R Zhao, Jinzhi Teo, Kelvin Yi Chong Mathur, Ranjana Diagnostics (Basel) Review This review provides an overview of conventional and novel retinal imaging modalities for hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) retinopathy. HCQ retinopathy is a form of toxic retinopathy resulting from HCQ use for a variety of autoimmune diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus. Each imaging modality detects a different aspect of HCQ retinopathy and shows a unique complement of structural changes. Conventionally, spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT), which shows loss or attenuation of the outer retina and/or retinal pigment epithelium–Bruch’s membrane complex, and fundus autofluorescence (FAF), which shows parafoveal or pericentral abnormalities, are used to assess HCQ retinopathy. Additionally, several variations of OCT (retinal and choroidal thickness measurements, choroidal vascularity index, widefield OCT, en face imaging, minimum intensity analysis, and artificial intelligence techniques) and FAF techniques (quantitative FAF, near-infrared FAF, fluorescence lifetime imaging ophthalmoscopy, and widefield FAF) have been applied to assess HCQ retinopathy. Other novel retinal imaging techniques that are being studied for early detection of HCQ retinopathy include OCT angiography, multicolour imaging, adaptive optics, and retromode imaging, although further testing is required for validation. MDPI 2023-05-16 /pmc/articles/PMC10217485/ /pubmed/37238236 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics13101752 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Cheong, Kai Xiong
Ong, Charles Jit Teng
Chandrasekaran, Priya R
Zhao, Jinzhi
Teo, Kelvin Yi Chong
Mathur, Ranjana
Review of Retinal Imaging Modalities for Hydroxychloroquine Retinopathy
title Review of Retinal Imaging Modalities for Hydroxychloroquine Retinopathy
title_full Review of Retinal Imaging Modalities for Hydroxychloroquine Retinopathy
title_fullStr Review of Retinal Imaging Modalities for Hydroxychloroquine Retinopathy
title_full_unstemmed Review of Retinal Imaging Modalities for Hydroxychloroquine Retinopathy
title_short Review of Retinal Imaging Modalities for Hydroxychloroquine Retinopathy
title_sort review of retinal imaging modalities for hydroxychloroquine retinopathy
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10217485/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37238236
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics13101752
work_keys_str_mv AT cheongkaixiong reviewofretinalimagingmodalitiesforhydroxychloroquineretinopathy
AT ongcharlesjitteng reviewofretinalimagingmodalitiesforhydroxychloroquineretinopathy
AT chandrasekaranpriyar reviewofretinalimagingmodalitiesforhydroxychloroquineretinopathy
AT zhaojinzhi reviewofretinalimagingmodalitiesforhydroxychloroquineretinopathy
AT teokelvinyichong reviewofretinalimagingmodalitiesforhydroxychloroquineretinopathy
AT mathurranjana reviewofretinalimagingmodalitiesforhydroxychloroquineretinopathy