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Development of a High Min-Entropy Quantum Random Number Generator Based on Amplified Spontaneous Emission
We present the theory, architecture, and performance characteristics of a quantum random number generator (QRNG) which operates in a PCI express form factor-compatible plug-and-play design. The QRNG relies on a thermal light source (in this case, amplified spontaneous emission), which exhibits photo...
Autores principales: | , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2023
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10217541/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37238486 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e25050731 |
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author | Duda, Charlotte K. Meier, Kristina A. Newell, Raymond T. |
author_facet | Duda, Charlotte K. Meier, Kristina A. Newell, Raymond T. |
author_sort | Duda, Charlotte K. |
collection | PubMed |
description | We present the theory, architecture, and performance characteristics of a quantum random number generator (QRNG) which operates in a PCI express form factor-compatible plug-and-play design. The QRNG relies on a thermal light source (in this case, amplified spontaneous emission), which exhibits photon bunching according to the Bose–Einstein (BE) statistics. We demonstrate that 98.7% of the unprocessed random bit stream min-entropy is traceable to the BE (quantum) signal. The classical component is then removed using a non-reuse shift-XOR protocol, and the final random numbers are generated at a 200 Mbps rate and shown to pass the statistical randomness test suites FIPS 140-2, Alphabit, SmallCrush, DIEHARD, and Rabbit of the TestU01 library. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-10217541 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-102175412023-05-27 Development of a High Min-Entropy Quantum Random Number Generator Based on Amplified Spontaneous Emission Duda, Charlotte K. Meier, Kristina A. Newell, Raymond T. Entropy (Basel) Article We present the theory, architecture, and performance characteristics of a quantum random number generator (QRNG) which operates in a PCI express form factor-compatible plug-and-play design. The QRNG relies on a thermal light source (in this case, amplified spontaneous emission), which exhibits photon bunching according to the Bose–Einstein (BE) statistics. We demonstrate that 98.7% of the unprocessed random bit stream min-entropy is traceable to the BE (quantum) signal. The classical component is then removed using a non-reuse shift-XOR protocol, and the final random numbers are generated at a 200 Mbps rate and shown to pass the statistical randomness test suites FIPS 140-2, Alphabit, SmallCrush, DIEHARD, and Rabbit of the TestU01 library. MDPI 2023-04-28 /pmc/articles/PMC10217541/ /pubmed/37238486 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e25050731 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Duda, Charlotte K. Meier, Kristina A. Newell, Raymond T. Development of a High Min-Entropy Quantum Random Number Generator Based on Amplified Spontaneous Emission |
title | Development of a High Min-Entropy Quantum Random Number Generator Based on Amplified Spontaneous Emission |
title_full | Development of a High Min-Entropy Quantum Random Number Generator Based on Amplified Spontaneous Emission |
title_fullStr | Development of a High Min-Entropy Quantum Random Number Generator Based on Amplified Spontaneous Emission |
title_full_unstemmed | Development of a High Min-Entropy Quantum Random Number Generator Based on Amplified Spontaneous Emission |
title_short | Development of a High Min-Entropy Quantum Random Number Generator Based on Amplified Spontaneous Emission |
title_sort | development of a high min-entropy quantum random number generator based on amplified spontaneous emission |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10217541/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37238486 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e25050731 |
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