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Clarifying the Differences between Patients with Organic Tics and Functional Tic-Like Behaviors

Due to the global increase in the number of patients with Functional Tic-Like Behaviors (FTLB), it has become increasingly important to find reliable differences between this patient group and patients with organic tics (OTs), which can be used in differential diagnosis. The purpose of this retrospe...

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Autores principales: Andersen, Kaja, Jensen, Ida, Okkels, Kirstine Birkebæk, Skov, Liselotte, Debes, Nanette Mol
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10217976/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37239767
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/healthcare11101481
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author Andersen, Kaja
Jensen, Ida
Okkels, Kirstine Birkebæk
Skov, Liselotte
Debes, Nanette Mol
author_facet Andersen, Kaja
Jensen, Ida
Okkels, Kirstine Birkebæk
Skov, Liselotte
Debes, Nanette Mol
author_sort Andersen, Kaja
collection PubMed
description Due to the global increase in the number of patients with Functional Tic-Like Behaviors (FTLB), it has become increasingly important to find reliable differences between this patient group and patients with organic tics (OTs), which can be used in differential diagnosis. The purpose of this retrospective study was to critically examine both established and suggested differences between the patient groups. A total of 53 FTLB patients and 200 OT patients were included. Several findings from the current literature were replicated in this study: Compared to patients with OTs, patients with FTLB had significantly more complex tics, were older at symptom onset, were more likely to be female, and were less likely to have family members with tics. Furthermore, the study also revealed new differences between the groups: Patients with FTLB had significantly more family members with a psychiatric disorder, were more likely to have experienced an adverse psychosocial event immediately before symptom onset, and had significantly fewer simple tics. Finally, this study was unable to replicate the previously found differences in comorbidities between patients with OTs and FTLB. These findings could contribute significantly to the understanding of FTLB’s etiology and to improve diagnosis, as including the presence of simple tics and comorbidities in the diagnostic criteria might be discussed in future studies.
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spelling pubmed-102179762023-05-27 Clarifying the Differences between Patients with Organic Tics and Functional Tic-Like Behaviors Andersen, Kaja Jensen, Ida Okkels, Kirstine Birkebæk Skov, Liselotte Debes, Nanette Mol Healthcare (Basel) Article Due to the global increase in the number of patients with Functional Tic-Like Behaviors (FTLB), it has become increasingly important to find reliable differences between this patient group and patients with organic tics (OTs), which can be used in differential diagnosis. The purpose of this retrospective study was to critically examine both established and suggested differences between the patient groups. A total of 53 FTLB patients and 200 OT patients were included. Several findings from the current literature were replicated in this study: Compared to patients with OTs, patients with FTLB had significantly more complex tics, were older at symptom onset, were more likely to be female, and were less likely to have family members with tics. Furthermore, the study also revealed new differences between the groups: Patients with FTLB had significantly more family members with a psychiatric disorder, were more likely to have experienced an adverse psychosocial event immediately before symptom onset, and had significantly fewer simple tics. Finally, this study was unable to replicate the previously found differences in comorbidities between patients with OTs and FTLB. These findings could contribute significantly to the understanding of FTLB’s etiology and to improve diagnosis, as including the presence of simple tics and comorbidities in the diagnostic criteria might be discussed in future studies. MDPI 2023-05-19 /pmc/articles/PMC10217976/ /pubmed/37239767 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/healthcare11101481 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Andersen, Kaja
Jensen, Ida
Okkels, Kirstine Birkebæk
Skov, Liselotte
Debes, Nanette Mol
Clarifying the Differences between Patients with Organic Tics and Functional Tic-Like Behaviors
title Clarifying the Differences between Patients with Organic Tics and Functional Tic-Like Behaviors
title_full Clarifying the Differences between Patients with Organic Tics and Functional Tic-Like Behaviors
title_fullStr Clarifying the Differences between Patients with Organic Tics and Functional Tic-Like Behaviors
title_full_unstemmed Clarifying the Differences between Patients with Organic Tics and Functional Tic-Like Behaviors
title_short Clarifying the Differences between Patients with Organic Tics and Functional Tic-Like Behaviors
title_sort clarifying the differences between patients with organic tics and functional tic-like behaviors
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10217976/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37239767
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/healthcare11101481
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