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G-Quadruplexes in Nuclear Biomolecular Condensates
G-quadruplexes (G4s) have long been implicated in the regulation of chromatin packaging and gene expression. These processes require or are accelerated by the separation of related proteins into liquid condensates on DNA/RNA matrices. While cytoplasmic G4s are acknowledged scaffolds of potentially p...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2023
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10218287/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37239436 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes14051076 |
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author | Pavlova, Iuliia Iudin, Mikhail Surdina, Anastasiya Severov, Vjacheslav Varizhuk, Anna |
author_facet | Pavlova, Iuliia Iudin, Mikhail Surdina, Anastasiya Severov, Vjacheslav Varizhuk, Anna |
author_sort | Pavlova, Iuliia |
collection | PubMed |
description | G-quadruplexes (G4s) have long been implicated in the regulation of chromatin packaging and gene expression. These processes require or are accelerated by the separation of related proteins into liquid condensates on DNA/RNA matrices. While cytoplasmic G4s are acknowledged scaffolds of potentially pathogenic condensates, the possible contribution of G4s to phase transitions in the nucleus has only recently come to light. In this review, we summarize the growing evidence for the G4-dependent assembly of biomolecular condensates at telomeres and transcription initiation sites, as well as nucleoli, speckles, and paraspeckles. The limitations of the underlying assays and the remaining open questions are outlined. We also discuss the molecular basis for the apparent permissive role of G4s in the in vitro condensate assembly based on the interactome data. To highlight the prospects and risks of G4-targeting therapies with respect to the phase transitions, we also touch upon the reported effects of G4-stabilizing small molecules on nuclear biomolecular condensates. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-10218287 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-102182872023-05-27 G-Quadruplexes in Nuclear Biomolecular Condensates Pavlova, Iuliia Iudin, Mikhail Surdina, Anastasiya Severov, Vjacheslav Varizhuk, Anna Genes (Basel) Review G-quadruplexes (G4s) have long been implicated in the regulation of chromatin packaging and gene expression. These processes require or are accelerated by the separation of related proteins into liquid condensates on DNA/RNA matrices. While cytoplasmic G4s are acknowledged scaffolds of potentially pathogenic condensates, the possible contribution of G4s to phase transitions in the nucleus has only recently come to light. In this review, we summarize the growing evidence for the G4-dependent assembly of biomolecular condensates at telomeres and transcription initiation sites, as well as nucleoli, speckles, and paraspeckles. The limitations of the underlying assays and the remaining open questions are outlined. We also discuss the molecular basis for the apparent permissive role of G4s in the in vitro condensate assembly based on the interactome data. To highlight the prospects and risks of G4-targeting therapies with respect to the phase transitions, we also touch upon the reported effects of G4-stabilizing small molecules on nuclear biomolecular condensates. MDPI 2023-05-13 /pmc/articles/PMC10218287/ /pubmed/37239436 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes14051076 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Review Pavlova, Iuliia Iudin, Mikhail Surdina, Anastasiya Severov, Vjacheslav Varizhuk, Anna G-Quadruplexes in Nuclear Biomolecular Condensates |
title | G-Quadruplexes in Nuclear Biomolecular Condensates |
title_full | G-Quadruplexes in Nuclear Biomolecular Condensates |
title_fullStr | G-Quadruplexes in Nuclear Biomolecular Condensates |
title_full_unstemmed | G-Quadruplexes in Nuclear Biomolecular Condensates |
title_short | G-Quadruplexes in Nuclear Biomolecular Condensates |
title_sort | g-quadruplexes in nuclear biomolecular condensates |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10218287/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37239436 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes14051076 |
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