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Chronic exposure to multiple stressors alters the salivary proteome of piglets
Monitoring chronic stress in pigs is not only essential in view of animal welfare but is also important for the farmer, given that stress influences the zootechnical performance of the pigs and increases their susceptibility to infectious diseases. To investigate the use of saliva as a non-invasive,...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Public Library of Science
2023
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10218721/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37235602 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0286455 |
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author | Prims, Sara Van Ostade, Xaveer Ayuso, Miriam Dom, Martin Van Raemdonck, Geert Van Cruchten, Steven Casteleyn, Christophe Van Ginneken, Chris |
author_facet | Prims, Sara Van Ostade, Xaveer Ayuso, Miriam Dom, Martin Van Raemdonck, Geert Van Cruchten, Steven Casteleyn, Christophe Van Ginneken, Chris |
author_sort | Prims, Sara |
collection | PubMed |
description | Monitoring chronic stress in pigs is not only essential in view of animal welfare but is also important for the farmer, given that stress influences the zootechnical performance of the pigs and increases their susceptibility to infectious diseases. To investigate the use of saliva as a non-invasive, objective chronic stress monitoring tool, twenty-four 4-day-old piglets were transferred to artificial brooders. At the age of 7 days, they were assigned to either the control or the stressed group and reared for three weeks. Piglets in the stressed group were exposed to overcrowding, absence of cage enrichment, and frequent mixing of animals between pens. Shotgun analysis using an isobaric labelling method (iTRAQ) for tandem mass spectrometry performed on saliva samples taken after three weeks of chronic stress identified 392 proteins, of which 20 proteins displayed significantly altered concentrations. From these 20 proteins, eight were selected for further validation using parallel reaction monitoring (PRM). For this validation, saliva samples that were taken one week after the start of the experiment and samples that were taken at the end of the experiment were analysed to verify the profile over time. We wanted to investigate whether the candidate biomarkers responded fast or rather slowly to the onset of chronic exposure to multiple stressors. Furthermore, this validation could indicate whether age influenced the baseline concentrations of these salivary proteins, both in healthy and stressed animals. This targeted PRM analysis confirmed that alpha-2-HS-glycoprotein was upregulated in the stressed group after one and three weeks, while odorant-binding protein, chitinase, long palate lung and nasal epithelium protein 5, lipocalin-1, and vomeromodulin-like protein were present in lower concentrations in the saliva of the stressed pigs, albeit only after three weeks. These results indicate that the porcine salivary proteome is altered by chronic exposure to multiple stressors. The affected proteins could be used as salivary biomarkers to identify welfare problems at the farm and facilitate research to optimise rearing conditions. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-10218721 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | Public Library of Science |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-102187212023-05-27 Chronic exposure to multiple stressors alters the salivary proteome of piglets Prims, Sara Van Ostade, Xaveer Ayuso, Miriam Dom, Martin Van Raemdonck, Geert Van Cruchten, Steven Casteleyn, Christophe Van Ginneken, Chris PLoS One Research Article Monitoring chronic stress in pigs is not only essential in view of animal welfare but is also important for the farmer, given that stress influences the zootechnical performance of the pigs and increases their susceptibility to infectious diseases. To investigate the use of saliva as a non-invasive, objective chronic stress monitoring tool, twenty-four 4-day-old piglets were transferred to artificial brooders. At the age of 7 days, they were assigned to either the control or the stressed group and reared for three weeks. Piglets in the stressed group were exposed to overcrowding, absence of cage enrichment, and frequent mixing of animals between pens. Shotgun analysis using an isobaric labelling method (iTRAQ) for tandem mass spectrometry performed on saliva samples taken after three weeks of chronic stress identified 392 proteins, of which 20 proteins displayed significantly altered concentrations. From these 20 proteins, eight were selected for further validation using parallel reaction monitoring (PRM). For this validation, saliva samples that were taken one week after the start of the experiment and samples that were taken at the end of the experiment were analysed to verify the profile over time. We wanted to investigate whether the candidate biomarkers responded fast or rather slowly to the onset of chronic exposure to multiple stressors. Furthermore, this validation could indicate whether age influenced the baseline concentrations of these salivary proteins, both in healthy and stressed animals. This targeted PRM analysis confirmed that alpha-2-HS-glycoprotein was upregulated in the stressed group after one and three weeks, while odorant-binding protein, chitinase, long palate lung and nasal epithelium protein 5, lipocalin-1, and vomeromodulin-like protein were present in lower concentrations in the saliva of the stressed pigs, albeit only after three weeks. These results indicate that the porcine salivary proteome is altered by chronic exposure to multiple stressors. The affected proteins could be used as salivary biomarkers to identify welfare problems at the farm and facilitate research to optimise rearing conditions. Public Library of Science 2023-05-26 /pmc/articles/PMC10218721/ /pubmed/37235602 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0286455 Text en © 2023 Prims et al https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. |
spellingShingle | Research Article Prims, Sara Van Ostade, Xaveer Ayuso, Miriam Dom, Martin Van Raemdonck, Geert Van Cruchten, Steven Casteleyn, Christophe Van Ginneken, Chris Chronic exposure to multiple stressors alters the salivary proteome of piglets |
title | Chronic exposure to multiple stressors alters the salivary proteome of piglets |
title_full | Chronic exposure to multiple stressors alters the salivary proteome of piglets |
title_fullStr | Chronic exposure to multiple stressors alters the salivary proteome of piglets |
title_full_unstemmed | Chronic exposure to multiple stressors alters the salivary proteome of piglets |
title_short | Chronic exposure to multiple stressors alters the salivary proteome of piglets |
title_sort | chronic exposure to multiple stressors alters the salivary proteome of piglets |
topic | Research Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10218721/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37235602 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0286455 |
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