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Pseudoexfoliation Syndrome—Clinical Characteristics of Most Common Cause of Secondary Glaucoma

Pseudoexfoliation syndrome (XFS) is a condition in which excess material builds up not only in the structures of the anterior chamber but also throughout the body. The frequency of the syndrome varies significantly (0.3–18%) depending on the region and the method of examination. Environmental risk f...

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Autores principales: Tomczyk-Socha, Martyna, Tomczak, Wojciech, Winkler-Lach, Weronika, Turno-Kręcicka, Anna
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10218815/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37240686
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm12103580
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author Tomczyk-Socha, Martyna
Tomczak, Wojciech
Winkler-Lach, Weronika
Turno-Kręcicka, Anna
author_facet Tomczyk-Socha, Martyna
Tomczak, Wojciech
Winkler-Lach, Weronika
Turno-Kręcicka, Anna
author_sort Tomczyk-Socha, Martyna
collection PubMed
description Pseudoexfoliation syndrome (XFS) is a condition in which excess material builds up not only in the structures of the anterior chamber but also throughout the body. The frequency of the syndrome varies significantly (0.3–18%) depending on the region and the method of examination. Environmental risk factors for XFS include a large number of sunny days, proximity to the equator, dietary factors such as higher consumption of coffee and tea, long-term alcohol consumption, exposure to UV, and outdoor work. The pathognomonic sign of XFS is the presence of white material on the lens capsule and other anterior chamber components. In addition, a characteristic Sampaolesi line can be observed during gonioscopy. Systemic alterations indicative of XFS have been observed in the extracellular matrix of the eyelid skin, the heart, lungs, liver, kidneys, gallbladder, meninges, and endothelium of the blood vessels. XFS is the most common cause of secondary open-angle glaucoma, which is called pseudoexfoliative glaucoma and is more severe than primary open-angle glaucoma. It is plausible that a combination of environmental factors and genetic alterations promotes the onset of pseudoexfoliation syndrome, which requires additional research.
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spelling pubmed-102188152023-05-27 Pseudoexfoliation Syndrome—Clinical Characteristics of Most Common Cause of Secondary Glaucoma Tomczyk-Socha, Martyna Tomczak, Wojciech Winkler-Lach, Weronika Turno-Kręcicka, Anna J Clin Med Review Pseudoexfoliation syndrome (XFS) is a condition in which excess material builds up not only in the structures of the anterior chamber but also throughout the body. The frequency of the syndrome varies significantly (0.3–18%) depending on the region and the method of examination. Environmental risk factors for XFS include a large number of sunny days, proximity to the equator, dietary factors such as higher consumption of coffee and tea, long-term alcohol consumption, exposure to UV, and outdoor work. The pathognomonic sign of XFS is the presence of white material on the lens capsule and other anterior chamber components. In addition, a characteristic Sampaolesi line can be observed during gonioscopy. Systemic alterations indicative of XFS have been observed in the extracellular matrix of the eyelid skin, the heart, lungs, liver, kidneys, gallbladder, meninges, and endothelium of the blood vessels. XFS is the most common cause of secondary open-angle glaucoma, which is called pseudoexfoliative glaucoma and is more severe than primary open-angle glaucoma. It is plausible that a combination of environmental factors and genetic alterations promotes the onset of pseudoexfoliation syndrome, which requires additional research. MDPI 2023-05-21 /pmc/articles/PMC10218815/ /pubmed/37240686 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm12103580 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Tomczyk-Socha, Martyna
Tomczak, Wojciech
Winkler-Lach, Weronika
Turno-Kręcicka, Anna
Pseudoexfoliation Syndrome—Clinical Characteristics of Most Common Cause of Secondary Glaucoma
title Pseudoexfoliation Syndrome—Clinical Characteristics of Most Common Cause of Secondary Glaucoma
title_full Pseudoexfoliation Syndrome—Clinical Characteristics of Most Common Cause of Secondary Glaucoma
title_fullStr Pseudoexfoliation Syndrome—Clinical Characteristics of Most Common Cause of Secondary Glaucoma
title_full_unstemmed Pseudoexfoliation Syndrome—Clinical Characteristics of Most Common Cause of Secondary Glaucoma
title_short Pseudoexfoliation Syndrome—Clinical Characteristics of Most Common Cause of Secondary Glaucoma
title_sort pseudoexfoliation syndrome—clinical characteristics of most common cause of secondary glaucoma
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10218815/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37240686
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm12103580
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