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Tackling Histoplasmosis Infection in People Living with HIV from Latin America: From Diagnostic Strategy to Public Health Solutions
Histoplasmosis, caused by the thermally dimorphic fungus Histoplasma spp., is a disease with a broad clinical spectrum, presenting from asymptomatic/flu-like symptoms to progressive disseminated disease in people with immunosuppression. In recent years, the concept of histoplasmosis as a disease res...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2023
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10218911/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37233269 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jof9050558 |
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author | Cáceres, Diego H. Gómez, Beatriz L. Tobón, Ángela M. Restrepo, Ángela Chiller, Tom Lindsley, Mark D. Meis, Jacques F. Verweij, Paul E. |
author_facet | Cáceres, Diego H. Gómez, Beatriz L. Tobón, Ángela M. Restrepo, Ángela Chiller, Tom Lindsley, Mark D. Meis, Jacques F. Verweij, Paul E. |
author_sort | Cáceres, Diego H. |
collection | PubMed |
description | Histoplasmosis, caused by the thermally dimorphic fungus Histoplasma spp., is a disease with a broad clinical spectrum, presenting from asymptomatic/flu-like symptoms to progressive disseminated disease in people with immunosuppression. In recent years, the concept of histoplasmosis as a disease restricted to the American continent has changed, as now histoplasmosis is reported in many regions around the world. In Latin America, histoplasmosis represents a threat, especially in people with advanced HIV disease (AHD). Diagnosis of histoplasmosis in people living with HIV (PLHIV) is challenging due to the low index of suspicion of the disease, non-specificity of signs and symptoms, and limited access to specific laboratory testing, while the diagnostic delay is significantly associated with mortality. In the last decade, novel diagnostic tests have been developed for the rapid detection of histoplasmosis, such as commercial kits for antigen detection. Furthermore, advocacy groups were created that presented histoplasmosis as a public health problem, with emphasis on patients at risk of progressive disseminated disease. This review aims to discuss the impact of histoplasmosis associated with AHD in Latin America and the strategies employed to tackle histoplasmosis, from the implementation of laboratory testing to disease advocacy and public health interventions. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-10218911 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-102189112023-05-27 Tackling Histoplasmosis Infection in People Living with HIV from Latin America: From Diagnostic Strategy to Public Health Solutions Cáceres, Diego H. Gómez, Beatriz L. Tobón, Ángela M. Restrepo, Ángela Chiller, Tom Lindsley, Mark D. Meis, Jacques F. Verweij, Paul E. J Fungi (Basel) Review Histoplasmosis, caused by the thermally dimorphic fungus Histoplasma spp., is a disease with a broad clinical spectrum, presenting from asymptomatic/flu-like symptoms to progressive disseminated disease in people with immunosuppression. In recent years, the concept of histoplasmosis as a disease restricted to the American continent has changed, as now histoplasmosis is reported in many regions around the world. In Latin America, histoplasmosis represents a threat, especially in people with advanced HIV disease (AHD). Diagnosis of histoplasmosis in people living with HIV (PLHIV) is challenging due to the low index of suspicion of the disease, non-specificity of signs and symptoms, and limited access to specific laboratory testing, while the diagnostic delay is significantly associated with mortality. In the last decade, novel diagnostic tests have been developed for the rapid detection of histoplasmosis, such as commercial kits for antigen detection. Furthermore, advocacy groups were created that presented histoplasmosis as a public health problem, with emphasis on patients at risk of progressive disseminated disease. This review aims to discuss the impact of histoplasmosis associated with AHD in Latin America and the strategies employed to tackle histoplasmosis, from the implementation of laboratory testing to disease advocacy and public health interventions. MDPI 2023-05-11 /pmc/articles/PMC10218911/ /pubmed/37233269 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jof9050558 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Review Cáceres, Diego H. Gómez, Beatriz L. Tobón, Ángela M. Restrepo, Ángela Chiller, Tom Lindsley, Mark D. Meis, Jacques F. Verweij, Paul E. Tackling Histoplasmosis Infection in People Living with HIV from Latin America: From Diagnostic Strategy to Public Health Solutions |
title | Tackling Histoplasmosis Infection in People Living with HIV from Latin America: From Diagnostic Strategy to Public Health Solutions |
title_full | Tackling Histoplasmosis Infection in People Living with HIV from Latin America: From Diagnostic Strategy to Public Health Solutions |
title_fullStr | Tackling Histoplasmosis Infection in People Living with HIV from Latin America: From Diagnostic Strategy to Public Health Solutions |
title_full_unstemmed | Tackling Histoplasmosis Infection in People Living with HIV from Latin America: From Diagnostic Strategy to Public Health Solutions |
title_short | Tackling Histoplasmosis Infection in People Living with HIV from Latin America: From Diagnostic Strategy to Public Health Solutions |
title_sort | tackling histoplasmosis infection in people living with hiv from latin america: from diagnostic strategy to public health solutions |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10218911/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37233269 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jof9050558 |
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