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Fractal Analysis of Fuel Nozzle Surface Morphology Based on the 3D-Sandbox Method
The dual oil circuit centrifugal fuel nozzle is made of martensitic stainless steel, which has complex morphological characteristics. The surface roughness characteristics of the fuel nozzle directly affect the degree of fuel atomization and the spray cone angle. The surface characterization of the...
Autores principales: | , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2023
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10220704/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37241528 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi14050904 |
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author | Li, Yeni Hou, Liang Chen, Yun |
author_facet | Li, Yeni Hou, Liang Chen, Yun |
author_sort | Li, Yeni |
collection | PubMed |
description | The dual oil circuit centrifugal fuel nozzle is made of martensitic stainless steel, which has complex morphological characteristics. The surface roughness characteristics of the fuel nozzle directly affect the degree of fuel atomization and the spray cone angle. The surface characterization of the fuel nozzle is investigated by the fractal analysis method. A sequence of images of an unheated treatment fuel nozzle and a heated treatment fuel nozzle are captured by the super-depth digital camera. The 3-D point cloud of the fuel nozzle is acquired by the shape from focus technique, and its three-dimensional (3-D) fractal dimensions are calculated and analyzed by the 3-D sandbox counting method. The proposed method can characterize the surface morphology well, including the standard metal processing surface and the fuel nozzle surface, and the experiments show that the 3-D surface fractal dimension is positively correlated with the surface roughness parameter. The 3-D surface fractal dimensions of the unheated treatment fuel nozzle were 2.6281, 2.8697, and 2.7620, compared with the heated treatment fuel nozzles dimensions of 2.3021, 2.5322, and 2.3327. Thus, the 3-D surface fractal dimension value of the unheated treatment is larger than that of the heated treatment and is sensitive to surface defects. This study indicates that the 3-D sandbox counting fractal dimension method is an effective method to evaluate the fuel nozzle surface and other metal processing surfaces. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-10220704 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-102207042023-05-28 Fractal Analysis of Fuel Nozzle Surface Morphology Based on the 3D-Sandbox Method Li, Yeni Hou, Liang Chen, Yun Micromachines (Basel) Article The dual oil circuit centrifugal fuel nozzle is made of martensitic stainless steel, which has complex morphological characteristics. The surface roughness characteristics of the fuel nozzle directly affect the degree of fuel atomization and the spray cone angle. The surface characterization of the fuel nozzle is investigated by the fractal analysis method. A sequence of images of an unheated treatment fuel nozzle and a heated treatment fuel nozzle are captured by the super-depth digital camera. The 3-D point cloud of the fuel nozzle is acquired by the shape from focus technique, and its three-dimensional (3-D) fractal dimensions are calculated and analyzed by the 3-D sandbox counting method. The proposed method can characterize the surface morphology well, including the standard metal processing surface and the fuel nozzle surface, and the experiments show that the 3-D surface fractal dimension is positively correlated with the surface roughness parameter. The 3-D surface fractal dimensions of the unheated treatment fuel nozzle were 2.6281, 2.8697, and 2.7620, compared with the heated treatment fuel nozzles dimensions of 2.3021, 2.5322, and 2.3327. Thus, the 3-D surface fractal dimension value of the unheated treatment is larger than that of the heated treatment and is sensitive to surface defects. This study indicates that the 3-D sandbox counting fractal dimension method is an effective method to evaluate the fuel nozzle surface and other metal processing surfaces. MDPI 2023-04-23 /pmc/articles/PMC10220704/ /pubmed/37241528 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi14050904 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Li, Yeni Hou, Liang Chen, Yun Fractal Analysis of Fuel Nozzle Surface Morphology Based on the 3D-Sandbox Method |
title | Fractal Analysis of Fuel Nozzle Surface Morphology Based on the 3D-Sandbox Method |
title_full | Fractal Analysis of Fuel Nozzle Surface Morphology Based on the 3D-Sandbox Method |
title_fullStr | Fractal Analysis of Fuel Nozzle Surface Morphology Based on the 3D-Sandbox Method |
title_full_unstemmed | Fractal Analysis of Fuel Nozzle Surface Morphology Based on the 3D-Sandbox Method |
title_short | Fractal Analysis of Fuel Nozzle Surface Morphology Based on the 3D-Sandbox Method |
title_sort | fractal analysis of fuel nozzle surface morphology based on the 3d-sandbox method |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10220704/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37241528 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi14050904 |
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