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SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine Breakthrough Infections of Omicron and Delta Variants in Healthcare Workers
Understanding SARS-CoV-2 breakthrough infections in vaccinated healthcare workers is of key importance in mitigating the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic in healthcare facilities. An observational prospective cohort study was conducted in vaccinated employees with acute SARS-CoV-2 infection between...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2023
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10220865/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37243062 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines11050958 |
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author | Regenhardt, Elisa Kirsten, Holger Weiss, Melanie Lübbert, Christoph Stehr, Sebastian N. Remane, Yvonne Pietsch, Corinna Hönemann, Mario von Braun, Amrei |
author_facet | Regenhardt, Elisa Kirsten, Holger Weiss, Melanie Lübbert, Christoph Stehr, Sebastian N. Remane, Yvonne Pietsch, Corinna Hönemann, Mario von Braun, Amrei |
author_sort | Regenhardt, Elisa |
collection | PubMed |
description | Understanding SARS-CoV-2 breakthrough infections in vaccinated healthcare workers is of key importance in mitigating the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic in healthcare facilities. An observational prospective cohort study was conducted in vaccinated employees with acute SARS-CoV-2 infection between October 2021 and February 2022. Serological and molecular testing was performed to determine SARS-CoV-2 viral load, lineage, antibody levels, and neutralizing antibody titers. A total of 571 (9.7%) employees experienced SARS-CoV-2 breakthrough infections during the enrolment period, of which 81 were included. The majority (n = 79, 97.5%) were symptomatic and most (n = 75, 92.6%) showed Ct values < 30 in RT-PCR assays. Twenty-four (30%) remained PCR-positive for > 15 days. Neutralizing antibody titers were strongest for the wildtype, intermediate for Delta, and lowest for Omicron variants. Omicron infections occurred at higher anti-RBD-IgG serum levels (p = 0.00001) and showed a trend for higher viral loads (p = 0.14, median Ct difference 4.3, 95% CI [−2.5–10.5]). For both variants, viral loads were significantly higher in participants with lower anti-RBD-IgG serum levels (p = 0.02). In conclusion, while the clinical course of infection with both the Omicron and Delta variants was predominantly mild to moderate in our study population, waning immune response over time and prolonged viral shedding were observed. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-10220865 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-102208652023-05-28 SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine Breakthrough Infections of Omicron and Delta Variants in Healthcare Workers Regenhardt, Elisa Kirsten, Holger Weiss, Melanie Lübbert, Christoph Stehr, Sebastian N. Remane, Yvonne Pietsch, Corinna Hönemann, Mario von Braun, Amrei Vaccines (Basel) Article Understanding SARS-CoV-2 breakthrough infections in vaccinated healthcare workers is of key importance in mitigating the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic in healthcare facilities. An observational prospective cohort study was conducted in vaccinated employees with acute SARS-CoV-2 infection between October 2021 and February 2022. Serological and molecular testing was performed to determine SARS-CoV-2 viral load, lineage, antibody levels, and neutralizing antibody titers. A total of 571 (9.7%) employees experienced SARS-CoV-2 breakthrough infections during the enrolment period, of which 81 were included. The majority (n = 79, 97.5%) were symptomatic and most (n = 75, 92.6%) showed Ct values < 30 in RT-PCR assays. Twenty-four (30%) remained PCR-positive for > 15 days. Neutralizing antibody titers were strongest for the wildtype, intermediate for Delta, and lowest for Omicron variants. Omicron infections occurred at higher anti-RBD-IgG serum levels (p = 0.00001) and showed a trend for higher viral loads (p = 0.14, median Ct difference 4.3, 95% CI [−2.5–10.5]). For both variants, viral loads were significantly higher in participants with lower anti-RBD-IgG serum levels (p = 0.02). In conclusion, while the clinical course of infection with both the Omicron and Delta variants was predominantly mild to moderate in our study population, waning immune response over time and prolonged viral shedding were observed. MDPI 2023-05-07 /pmc/articles/PMC10220865/ /pubmed/37243062 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines11050958 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Regenhardt, Elisa Kirsten, Holger Weiss, Melanie Lübbert, Christoph Stehr, Sebastian N. Remane, Yvonne Pietsch, Corinna Hönemann, Mario von Braun, Amrei SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine Breakthrough Infections of Omicron and Delta Variants in Healthcare Workers |
title | SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine Breakthrough Infections of Omicron and Delta Variants in Healthcare Workers |
title_full | SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine Breakthrough Infections of Omicron and Delta Variants in Healthcare Workers |
title_fullStr | SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine Breakthrough Infections of Omicron and Delta Variants in Healthcare Workers |
title_full_unstemmed | SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine Breakthrough Infections of Omicron and Delta Variants in Healthcare Workers |
title_short | SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine Breakthrough Infections of Omicron and Delta Variants in Healthcare Workers |
title_sort | sars-cov-2 vaccine breakthrough infections of omicron and delta variants in healthcare workers |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10220865/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37243062 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines11050958 |
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