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Respiratory Syncytial Virus-Load Kinetics and Clinical Course of Acute Bronchiolitis in Hospitalized Infants: Interim Results and Review of the Literature

Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) bronchiolitis is the leading cause of hospitalization in infants. The role of RSV load in disease severity is still debated. We present the interim results of a prospective monocentric study enrolling previously healthy infants hospitalized for RSV bronchiolitis, co...

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Autores principales: Piccirilli, Giulia, Rocca, Alessandro, Borgatti, Eva Caterina, Gabrielli, Liliana, Zama, Daniele, Pierantoni, Luca, Leone, Marta, Totaro, Camilla, Pavoni, Matteo, Lazzarotto, Tiziana, Lanari, Marcello
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10221166/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37242316
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pathogens12050645
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author Piccirilli, Giulia
Rocca, Alessandro
Borgatti, Eva Caterina
Gabrielli, Liliana
Zama, Daniele
Pierantoni, Luca
Leone, Marta
Totaro, Camilla
Pavoni, Matteo
Lazzarotto, Tiziana
Lanari, Marcello
author_facet Piccirilli, Giulia
Rocca, Alessandro
Borgatti, Eva Caterina
Gabrielli, Liliana
Zama, Daniele
Pierantoni, Luca
Leone, Marta
Totaro, Camilla
Pavoni, Matteo
Lazzarotto, Tiziana
Lanari, Marcello
author_sort Piccirilli, Giulia
collection PubMed
description Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) bronchiolitis is the leading cause of hospitalization in infants. The role of RSV load in disease severity is still debated. We present the interim results of a prospective monocentric study enrolling previously healthy infants hospitalized for RSV bronchiolitis, collecting nasopharyngeal aspirates every 48 h from admission to discharge, and evaluating RSV load dynamics in relation to clinical outcome measures of bronchiolitis severity, including: need, type and duration of oxygen therapy, length of hospitalization, and the bronchiolitis clinical score calculated at admission. The results showed that the highest viral replication occurs within the first 48 hours after admission, with a significant decrease at subsequent time points (p < 0.0001). Moreover, higher RSV-RNA values were associated with the need for oxygen therapy (p = 0.03), particularly high-flow nasal cannula type (p = 0.04), and longer duration of respiratory support (p = 0.04). Finally, higher RSV load values were correlated with lower white blood cells, especially lymphocyte counts and C-reactive protein levels (p = 0.03, p = 0.04, and p = 0.01, respectively), as well as with patients of a younger age (p = 0.02). These data suggest that RSV may actively contribute to the clinical severity of bronchiolitis, together with other potential non-viral factors.
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spelling pubmed-102211662023-05-28 Respiratory Syncytial Virus-Load Kinetics and Clinical Course of Acute Bronchiolitis in Hospitalized Infants: Interim Results and Review of the Literature Piccirilli, Giulia Rocca, Alessandro Borgatti, Eva Caterina Gabrielli, Liliana Zama, Daniele Pierantoni, Luca Leone, Marta Totaro, Camilla Pavoni, Matteo Lazzarotto, Tiziana Lanari, Marcello Pathogens Article Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) bronchiolitis is the leading cause of hospitalization in infants. The role of RSV load in disease severity is still debated. We present the interim results of a prospective monocentric study enrolling previously healthy infants hospitalized for RSV bronchiolitis, collecting nasopharyngeal aspirates every 48 h from admission to discharge, and evaluating RSV load dynamics in relation to clinical outcome measures of bronchiolitis severity, including: need, type and duration of oxygen therapy, length of hospitalization, and the bronchiolitis clinical score calculated at admission. The results showed that the highest viral replication occurs within the first 48 hours after admission, with a significant decrease at subsequent time points (p < 0.0001). Moreover, higher RSV-RNA values were associated with the need for oxygen therapy (p = 0.03), particularly high-flow nasal cannula type (p = 0.04), and longer duration of respiratory support (p = 0.04). Finally, higher RSV load values were correlated with lower white blood cells, especially lymphocyte counts and C-reactive protein levels (p = 0.03, p = 0.04, and p = 0.01, respectively), as well as with patients of a younger age (p = 0.02). These data suggest that RSV may actively contribute to the clinical severity of bronchiolitis, together with other potential non-viral factors. MDPI 2023-04-27 /pmc/articles/PMC10221166/ /pubmed/37242316 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pathogens12050645 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Piccirilli, Giulia
Rocca, Alessandro
Borgatti, Eva Caterina
Gabrielli, Liliana
Zama, Daniele
Pierantoni, Luca
Leone, Marta
Totaro, Camilla
Pavoni, Matteo
Lazzarotto, Tiziana
Lanari, Marcello
Respiratory Syncytial Virus-Load Kinetics and Clinical Course of Acute Bronchiolitis in Hospitalized Infants: Interim Results and Review of the Literature
title Respiratory Syncytial Virus-Load Kinetics and Clinical Course of Acute Bronchiolitis in Hospitalized Infants: Interim Results and Review of the Literature
title_full Respiratory Syncytial Virus-Load Kinetics and Clinical Course of Acute Bronchiolitis in Hospitalized Infants: Interim Results and Review of the Literature
title_fullStr Respiratory Syncytial Virus-Load Kinetics and Clinical Course of Acute Bronchiolitis in Hospitalized Infants: Interim Results and Review of the Literature
title_full_unstemmed Respiratory Syncytial Virus-Load Kinetics and Clinical Course of Acute Bronchiolitis in Hospitalized Infants: Interim Results and Review of the Literature
title_short Respiratory Syncytial Virus-Load Kinetics and Clinical Course of Acute Bronchiolitis in Hospitalized Infants: Interim Results and Review of the Literature
title_sort respiratory syncytial virus-load kinetics and clinical course of acute bronchiolitis in hospitalized infants: interim results and review of the literature
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10221166/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37242316
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pathogens12050645
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