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The Impact of Therapeutic Plasma Exchange on Inflammatory Markers and Acute Phase Reactants in Patients with Severe SARS-CoV-2 Infection

Background and Objectives: Due to the poor prognosis and the very high mortality rate associated with severe SARS-CoV-2 infections, various regimens have been tried to stop the evolution of the inflammatory cascade, such as immunomodulatory therapy and plasma clearance of the acute phase reactants i...

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Autores principales: Porosnicu, Tamara Mirela, Sirbu, Ioan Ovidiu, Oancea, Cristian, Sandesc, Dorel, Bratosin, Felix, Rosca, Ovidiu, Jipa, Daniel, Boeriu, Estera, Bandi, Satya Sai Sri, Pricop, Marius
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10221344/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37241099
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/medicina59050867
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author Porosnicu, Tamara Mirela
Sirbu, Ioan Ovidiu
Oancea, Cristian
Sandesc, Dorel
Bratosin, Felix
Rosca, Ovidiu
Jipa, Daniel
Boeriu, Estera
Bandi, Satya Sai Sri
Pricop, Marius
author_facet Porosnicu, Tamara Mirela
Sirbu, Ioan Ovidiu
Oancea, Cristian
Sandesc, Dorel
Bratosin, Felix
Rosca, Ovidiu
Jipa, Daniel
Boeriu, Estera
Bandi, Satya Sai Sri
Pricop, Marius
author_sort Porosnicu, Tamara Mirela
collection PubMed
description Background and Objectives: Due to the poor prognosis and the very high mortality rate associated with severe SARS-CoV-2 infections, various regimens have been tried to stop the evolution of the inflammatory cascade, such as immunomodulatory therapy and plasma clearance of the acute phase reactants involved. Therefore, the objective of this review was to analyze the effects of using therapeutic plasma exchange (TPE), also known as plasmapheresis, on the inflammatory markers of critically ill COVID-19 patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU). Materials and Methods: A thorough scientific database search was performed, and it included a review of articles published on PubMed, Cochrane Database, Scopus, and Web of Science from the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic in March 2020 until September 2022 that focused on the treatment of SARS-CoV-2 infections using plasma exchange for patients admitted to the ICU. The current study included original articles, reviews, editorials, and short or special communications regarding the topic of interest. Results: A total of 13 articles were selected after satisfying the inclusion criterion of three or more patients enrolled with clinically severe COVID-19 that were eligible for TPE. From the included articles, it was observed that TPE was used as a last-resort salvage therapy that can be regarded as an alternative treatment method when the standard management for these patients fails. TPE significantly decreased the inflammatory status as measured by Interleukin-6 (IL-6), C-reactive protein (CRP), lymphocyte count, and D-dimers, as well as improving the clinical status measured with PaO(2)/FiO(2) and duration of hospitalization. The pooled mortality risk reduction after TPE was 20%. Conclusions: There are sufficient studies and evidence to show that TPE reduces inflammatory mediators and improves coagulation function and the clinical/paraclinical status. Nevertheless, although it was shown that TPE decreases the severe inflammatory status without significant complications, the improvement of survival rate remains unclear.
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spelling pubmed-102213442023-05-28 The Impact of Therapeutic Plasma Exchange on Inflammatory Markers and Acute Phase Reactants in Patients with Severe SARS-CoV-2 Infection Porosnicu, Tamara Mirela Sirbu, Ioan Ovidiu Oancea, Cristian Sandesc, Dorel Bratosin, Felix Rosca, Ovidiu Jipa, Daniel Boeriu, Estera Bandi, Satya Sai Sri Pricop, Marius Medicina (Kaunas) Systematic Review Background and Objectives: Due to the poor prognosis and the very high mortality rate associated with severe SARS-CoV-2 infections, various regimens have been tried to stop the evolution of the inflammatory cascade, such as immunomodulatory therapy and plasma clearance of the acute phase reactants involved. Therefore, the objective of this review was to analyze the effects of using therapeutic plasma exchange (TPE), also known as plasmapheresis, on the inflammatory markers of critically ill COVID-19 patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU). Materials and Methods: A thorough scientific database search was performed, and it included a review of articles published on PubMed, Cochrane Database, Scopus, and Web of Science from the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic in March 2020 until September 2022 that focused on the treatment of SARS-CoV-2 infections using plasma exchange for patients admitted to the ICU. The current study included original articles, reviews, editorials, and short or special communications regarding the topic of interest. Results: A total of 13 articles were selected after satisfying the inclusion criterion of three or more patients enrolled with clinically severe COVID-19 that were eligible for TPE. From the included articles, it was observed that TPE was used as a last-resort salvage therapy that can be regarded as an alternative treatment method when the standard management for these patients fails. TPE significantly decreased the inflammatory status as measured by Interleukin-6 (IL-6), C-reactive protein (CRP), lymphocyte count, and D-dimers, as well as improving the clinical status measured with PaO(2)/FiO(2) and duration of hospitalization. The pooled mortality risk reduction after TPE was 20%. Conclusions: There are sufficient studies and evidence to show that TPE reduces inflammatory mediators and improves coagulation function and the clinical/paraclinical status. Nevertheless, although it was shown that TPE decreases the severe inflammatory status without significant complications, the improvement of survival rate remains unclear. MDPI 2023-04-29 /pmc/articles/PMC10221344/ /pubmed/37241099 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/medicina59050867 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Systematic Review
Porosnicu, Tamara Mirela
Sirbu, Ioan Ovidiu
Oancea, Cristian
Sandesc, Dorel
Bratosin, Felix
Rosca, Ovidiu
Jipa, Daniel
Boeriu, Estera
Bandi, Satya Sai Sri
Pricop, Marius
The Impact of Therapeutic Plasma Exchange on Inflammatory Markers and Acute Phase Reactants in Patients with Severe SARS-CoV-2 Infection
title The Impact of Therapeutic Plasma Exchange on Inflammatory Markers and Acute Phase Reactants in Patients with Severe SARS-CoV-2 Infection
title_full The Impact of Therapeutic Plasma Exchange on Inflammatory Markers and Acute Phase Reactants in Patients with Severe SARS-CoV-2 Infection
title_fullStr The Impact of Therapeutic Plasma Exchange on Inflammatory Markers and Acute Phase Reactants in Patients with Severe SARS-CoV-2 Infection
title_full_unstemmed The Impact of Therapeutic Plasma Exchange on Inflammatory Markers and Acute Phase Reactants in Patients with Severe SARS-CoV-2 Infection
title_short The Impact of Therapeutic Plasma Exchange on Inflammatory Markers and Acute Phase Reactants in Patients with Severe SARS-CoV-2 Infection
title_sort impact of therapeutic plasma exchange on inflammatory markers and acute phase reactants in patients with severe sars-cov-2 infection
topic Systematic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10221344/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37241099
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/medicina59050867
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