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Invasive Mechanisms of One of the World’s Worst Alien Plant Species Mimosa pigra and Its Management

Mimosa pigra is native to Tropical America, and it has naturalized in many other countries especially in Australia, Eastern and Southern Africa and South Asia. The species is listed in the top 100 of the world’s worst invasive alien species and is listed as Least Concern in the IUCN Red List of Thre...

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Autor principal: Kato-Noguchi, Hisashi
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10221770/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37653876
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants12101960
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author Kato-Noguchi, Hisashi
author_facet Kato-Noguchi, Hisashi
author_sort Kato-Noguchi, Hisashi
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description Mimosa pigra is native to Tropical America, and it has naturalized in many other countries especially in Australia, Eastern and Southern Africa and South Asia. The species is listed in the top 100 of the world’s worst invasive alien species and is listed as Least Concern in the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. M. pigra forms very large monospecific stands in a wet–dry tropical climate with conditions such as floodplains, riverbanks, grasslands, forests and agricultural fields. The stands expand quickly and threaten the native flora and fauna in the invasive ranges. Possible mechanisms of the invasion of the species have been investigated and accumulated in the literature. The characteristics of the life history such as the high reproduction and high growth rate, vigorous mutualism with rhizobia and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, very few natural enemies, and allelopathy, and certain secondary metabolites may contribute to the invasiveness and naturalization of M. pigra. Herbicide application, such as aerial spraying, foliar, cut-stump and soil treatments, is the primary control methods of M. pigra. The investigation of the natural enemies of M. pigra has been conducted in its native ranges since 1979, and biological control agents have been selected based on host specificity, rearing and availability. Mechanical control practices, such as hand weeding, bulldozing, chaining and fire, were also effective. However, the species often regrow from the remaining plant parts. Integration of multiple weed control practices may be more effective than any single practice. This is the first review article focusing on the invasive mechanism of M. pigra.
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spelling pubmed-102217702023-05-28 Invasive Mechanisms of One of the World’s Worst Alien Plant Species Mimosa pigra and Its Management Kato-Noguchi, Hisashi Plants (Basel) Review Mimosa pigra is native to Tropical America, and it has naturalized in many other countries especially in Australia, Eastern and Southern Africa and South Asia. The species is listed in the top 100 of the world’s worst invasive alien species and is listed as Least Concern in the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. M. pigra forms very large monospecific stands in a wet–dry tropical climate with conditions such as floodplains, riverbanks, grasslands, forests and agricultural fields. The stands expand quickly and threaten the native flora and fauna in the invasive ranges. Possible mechanisms of the invasion of the species have been investigated and accumulated in the literature. The characteristics of the life history such as the high reproduction and high growth rate, vigorous mutualism with rhizobia and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, very few natural enemies, and allelopathy, and certain secondary metabolites may contribute to the invasiveness and naturalization of M. pigra. Herbicide application, such as aerial spraying, foliar, cut-stump and soil treatments, is the primary control methods of M. pigra. The investigation of the natural enemies of M. pigra has been conducted in its native ranges since 1979, and biological control agents have been selected based on host specificity, rearing and availability. Mechanical control practices, such as hand weeding, bulldozing, chaining and fire, were also effective. However, the species often regrow from the remaining plant parts. Integration of multiple weed control practices may be more effective than any single practice. This is the first review article focusing on the invasive mechanism of M. pigra. MDPI 2023-05-11 /pmc/articles/PMC10221770/ /pubmed/37653876 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants12101960 Text en © 2023 by the author. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Kato-Noguchi, Hisashi
Invasive Mechanisms of One of the World’s Worst Alien Plant Species Mimosa pigra and Its Management
title Invasive Mechanisms of One of the World’s Worst Alien Plant Species Mimosa pigra and Its Management
title_full Invasive Mechanisms of One of the World’s Worst Alien Plant Species Mimosa pigra and Its Management
title_fullStr Invasive Mechanisms of One of the World’s Worst Alien Plant Species Mimosa pigra and Its Management
title_full_unstemmed Invasive Mechanisms of One of the World’s Worst Alien Plant Species Mimosa pigra and Its Management
title_short Invasive Mechanisms of One of the World’s Worst Alien Plant Species Mimosa pigra and Its Management
title_sort invasive mechanisms of one of the world’s worst alien plant species mimosa pigra and its management
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10221770/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37653876
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants12101960
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