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Prospects for the Use of Metal-Based Nanoparticles as Adjuvants for Local Cancer Immunotherapy

Immunotherapy is among the most effective approaches for treating cancer. One of the key aspects for successful immunotherapy is to achieve a strong and stable antitumor immune response. Modern immune checkpoint therapy demonstrates that cancer can be defeated. However, it also points out the weakne...

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Autores principales: Naletova, Irina, Tomasello, Barbara, Attanasio, Francesco, Pleshkan, Victor V.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10222518/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37242588
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics15051346
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author Naletova, Irina
Tomasello, Barbara
Attanasio, Francesco
Pleshkan, Victor V.
author_facet Naletova, Irina
Tomasello, Barbara
Attanasio, Francesco
Pleshkan, Victor V.
author_sort Naletova, Irina
collection PubMed
description Immunotherapy is among the most effective approaches for treating cancer. One of the key aspects for successful immunotherapy is to achieve a strong and stable antitumor immune response. Modern immune checkpoint therapy demonstrates that cancer can be defeated. However, it also points out the weaknesses of immunotherapy, as not all tumors respond to therapy and the co-administration of different immunomodulators may be severely limited due to their systemic toxicity. Nevertheless, there is an established way through which to increase the immunogenicity of immunotherapy—by the use of adjuvants. These enhance the immune response without inducing such severe adverse effects. One of the most well-known and studied adjuvant strategies to improve immunotherapy efficacy is the use of metal-based compounds, in more modern implementation—metal-based nanoparticles (MNPs), which are exogenous agents that act as danger signals. Adding innate immune activation to the main action of an immunomodulator makes it capable of eliciting a robust anti-cancer immune response. The use of an adjuvant has the peculiarity of a local administration of the drug, which positively affects its safety. In this review, we will consider the use of MNPs as low-toxicity adjuvants for cancer immunotherapy, which could provide an abscopal effect when administered locally.
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spelling pubmed-102225182023-05-28 Prospects for the Use of Metal-Based Nanoparticles as Adjuvants for Local Cancer Immunotherapy Naletova, Irina Tomasello, Barbara Attanasio, Francesco Pleshkan, Victor V. Pharmaceutics Review Immunotherapy is among the most effective approaches for treating cancer. One of the key aspects for successful immunotherapy is to achieve a strong and stable antitumor immune response. Modern immune checkpoint therapy demonstrates that cancer can be defeated. However, it also points out the weaknesses of immunotherapy, as not all tumors respond to therapy and the co-administration of different immunomodulators may be severely limited due to their systemic toxicity. Nevertheless, there is an established way through which to increase the immunogenicity of immunotherapy—by the use of adjuvants. These enhance the immune response without inducing such severe adverse effects. One of the most well-known and studied adjuvant strategies to improve immunotherapy efficacy is the use of metal-based compounds, in more modern implementation—metal-based nanoparticles (MNPs), which are exogenous agents that act as danger signals. Adding innate immune activation to the main action of an immunomodulator makes it capable of eliciting a robust anti-cancer immune response. The use of an adjuvant has the peculiarity of a local administration of the drug, which positively affects its safety. In this review, we will consider the use of MNPs as low-toxicity adjuvants for cancer immunotherapy, which could provide an abscopal effect when administered locally. MDPI 2023-04-27 /pmc/articles/PMC10222518/ /pubmed/37242588 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics15051346 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Naletova, Irina
Tomasello, Barbara
Attanasio, Francesco
Pleshkan, Victor V.
Prospects for the Use of Metal-Based Nanoparticles as Adjuvants for Local Cancer Immunotherapy
title Prospects for the Use of Metal-Based Nanoparticles as Adjuvants for Local Cancer Immunotherapy
title_full Prospects for the Use of Metal-Based Nanoparticles as Adjuvants for Local Cancer Immunotherapy
title_fullStr Prospects for the Use of Metal-Based Nanoparticles as Adjuvants for Local Cancer Immunotherapy
title_full_unstemmed Prospects for the Use of Metal-Based Nanoparticles as Adjuvants for Local Cancer Immunotherapy
title_short Prospects for the Use of Metal-Based Nanoparticles as Adjuvants for Local Cancer Immunotherapy
title_sort prospects for the use of metal-based nanoparticles as adjuvants for local cancer immunotherapy
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10222518/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37242588
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics15051346
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