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Sex, Nutrition, and NAFLD: Relevance of Environmental Pollution

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common form of chronic liver disease and represents an increasing public health issue given the limited treatment options and its association with several other metabolic and inflammatory disorders. The epidemic, still growing prevalence of NAFLD...

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Autores principales: Dolce, Arianna, Della Torre, Sara
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10222590/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37242221
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu15102335
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author Dolce, Arianna
Della Torre, Sara
author_facet Dolce, Arianna
Della Torre, Sara
author_sort Dolce, Arianna
collection PubMed
description Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common form of chronic liver disease and represents an increasing public health issue given the limited treatment options and its association with several other metabolic and inflammatory disorders. The epidemic, still growing prevalence of NAFLD worldwide cannot be merely explained by changes in diet and lifestyle that occurred in the last few decades, nor from their association with genetic and epigenetic risk factors. It is conceivable that environmental pollutants, which act as endocrine and metabolic disruptors, may contribute to the spreading of this pathology due to their ability to enter the food chain and be ingested through contaminated food and water. Given the strict interplay between nutrients and the regulation of hepatic metabolism and reproductive functions in females, pollutant-induced metabolic dysfunctions may be of particular relevance for the female liver, dampening sex differences in NAFLD prevalence. Dietary intake of environmental pollutants can be particularly detrimental during gestation, when endocrine-disrupting chemicals may interfere with the programming of liver metabolism, accounting for the developmental origin of NAFLD in offspring. This review summarizes cause–effect evidence between environmental pollutants and increased incidence of NAFLD and emphasizes the need for further studies in this field.
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spelling pubmed-102225902023-05-28 Sex, Nutrition, and NAFLD: Relevance of Environmental Pollution Dolce, Arianna Della Torre, Sara Nutrients Review Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common form of chronic liver disease and represents an increasing public health issue given the limited treatment options and its association with several other metabolic and inflammatory disorders. The epidemic, still growing prevalence of NAFLD worldwide cannot be merely explained by changes in diet and lifestyle that occurred in the last few decades, nor from their association with genetic and epigenetic risk factors. It is conceivable that environmental pollutants, which act as endocrine and metabolic disruptors, may contribute to the spreading of this pathology due to their ability to enter the food chain and be ingested through contaminated food and water. Given the strict interplay between nutrients and the regulation of hepatic metabolism and reproductive functions in females, pollutant-induced metabolic dysfunctions may be of particular relevance for the female liver, dampening sex differences in NAFLD prevalence. Dietary intake of environmental pollutants can be particularly detrimental during gestation, when endocrine-disrupting chemicals may interfere with the programming of liver metabolism, accounting for the developmental origin of NAFLD in offspring. This review summarizes cause–effect evidence between environmental pollutants and increased incidence of NAFLD and emphasizes the need for further studies in this field. MDPI 2023-05-16 /pmc/articles/PMC10222590/ /pubmed/37242221 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu15102335 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Dolce, Arianna
Della Torre, Sara
Sex, Nutrition, and NAFLD: Relevance of Environmental Pollution
title Sex, Nutrition, and NAFLD: Relevance of Environmental Pollution
title_full Sex, Nutrition, and NAFLD: Relevance of Environmental Pollution
title_fullStr Sex, Nutrition, and NAFLD: Relevance of Environmental Pollution
title_full_unstemmed Sex, Nutrition, and NAFLD: Relevance of Environmental Pollution
title_short Sex, Nutrition, and NAFLD: Relevance of Environmental Pollution
title_sort sex, nutrition, and nafld: relevance of environmental pollution
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10222590/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37242221
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu15102335
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