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Calcinosis Cutis and Calciphylaxis in Autoimmune Connective Tissue Diseases
Calcinosis represents a severe complication of several autoimmune disorders. Soft-tissue calcifications have been classified into five major types: dystrophic, metastatic, idiopathic, iatrogenic, and calciphylaxis. Autoimmune diseases are usually associated with dystrophic calcifications, including...
Autores principales: | , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2023
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10222774/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37243003 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines11050898 |
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author | Mormile, Ilaria Mosella, Francesca Turco, Piergiorgio Napolitano, Filomena de Paulis, Amato Rossi, Francesca Wanda |
author_facet | Mormile, Ilaria Mosella, Francesca Turco, Piergiorgio Napolitano, Filomena de Paulis, Amato Rossi, Francesca Wanda |
author_sort | Mormile, Ilaria |
collection | PubMed |
description | Calcinosis represents a severe complication of several autoimmune disorders. Soft-tissue calcifications have been classified into five major types: dystrophic, metastatic, idiopathic, iatrogenic, and calciphylaxis. Autoimmune diseases are usually associated with dystrophic calcifications, including calcinosis cutis, occurring in damaged or devitalized tissues in the presence of normal serum levels of calcium and phosphate. In particular, calcinosis cutis has been described in dermatomyositis, polymyositis, juvenile dermatomyositis, systemic sclerosis, systemic lupus erythematosus, primary Sjögren’s syndrome, overlap syndrome, mixed connective tissue disease, and rheumatoid arthritis. Calciphylaxis, a severe and life-threatening syndrome presenting with vascular calcifications and thrombosis, has also been associated with some autoimmune conditions. Due to the potentially disabling character of calcinosis cutis and calciphylaxis, physicians’ awareness about the clinical presentation and management of these diseases should be increased to select the most appropriate treatment option and avoid long-term complications. In this review, we aim to analyze the clinical features of calcinosis cutis and calciphylaxis associated with autoimmune diseases, and the main treatment strategies evaluated up to now for treating this potentially disabling disease. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-10222774 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-102227742023-05-28 Calcinosis Cutis and Calciphylaxis in Autoimmune Connective Tissue Diseases Mormile, Ilaria Mosella, Francesca Turco, Piergiorgio Napolitano, Filomena de Paulis, Amato Rossi, Francesca Wanda Vaccines (Basel) Review Calcinosis represents a severe complication of several autoimmune disorders. Soft-tissue calcifications have been classified into five major types: dystrophic, metastatic, idiopathic, iatrogenic, and calciphylaxis. Autoimmune diseases are usually associated with dystrophic calcifications, including calcinosis cutis, occurring in damaged or devitalized tissues in the presence of normal serum levels of calcium and phosphate. In particular, calcinosis cutis has been described in dermatomyositis, polymyositis, juvenile dermatomyositis, systemic sclerosis, systemic lupus erythematosus, primary Sjögren’s syndrome, overlap syndrome, mixed connective tissue disease, and rheumatoid arthritis. Calciphylaxis, a severe and life-threatening syndrome presenting with vascular calcifications and thrombosis, has also been associated with some autoimmune conditions. Due to the potentially disabling character of calcinosis cutis and calciphylaxis, physicians’ awareness about the clinical presentation and management of these diseases should be increased to select the most appropriate treatment option and avoid long-term complications. In this review, we aim to analyze the clinical features of calcinosis cutis and calciphylaxis associated with autoimmune diseases, and the main treatment strategies evaluated up to now for treating this potentially disabling disease. MDPI 2023-04-25 /pmc/articles/PMC10222774/ /pubmed/37243003 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines11050898 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Review Mormile, Ilaria Mosella, Francesca Turco, Piergiorgio Napolitano, Filomena de Paulis, Amato Rossi, Francesca Wanda Calcinosis Cutis and Calciphylaxis in Autoimmune Connective Tissue Diseases |
title | Calcinosis Cutis and Calciphylaxis in Autoimmune Connective Tissue Diseases |
title_full | Calcinosis Cutis and Calciphylaxis in Autoimmune Connective Tissue Diseases |
title_fullStr | Calcinosis Cutis and Calciphylaxis in Autoimmune Connective Tissue Diseases |
title_full_unstemmed | Calcinosis Cutis and Calciphylaxis in Autoimmune Connective Tissue Diseases |
title_short | Calcinosis Cutis and Calciphylaxis in Autoimmune Connective Tissue Diseases |
title_sort | calcinosis cutis and calciphylaxis in autoimmune connective tissue diseases |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10222774/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37243003 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines11050898 |
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