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Paper-Based Bi-Material Cantilever Actuator Bending Behavior and Modeling
In this paper, the behavior of the Bi-Material Cantilever (B-MaC) response deflection upon fluidic loading was experimentally studied and modeled for bilayer strips. A B-MaC consists of a strip of paper adhered to a strip of tape. When fluid is introduced, the paper expands while the tape does not,...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2023
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10223442/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37241548 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi14050924 |
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author | Chen, Gordon Kumar, Ashutosh Heidari-Bafroui, Hojat Smith, Winfield Charbaji, Amer Rahmani, Nassim Anagnostopoulos, Constantine Faghri, Mohammad |
author_facet | Chen, Gordon Kumar, Ashutosh Heidari-Bafroui, Hojat Smith, Winfield Charbaji, Amer Rahmani, Nassim Anagnostopoulos, Constantine Faghri, Mohammad |
author_sort | Chen, Gordon |
collection | PubMed |
description | In this paper, the behavior of the Bi-Material Cantilever (B-MaC) response deflection upon fluidic loading was experimentally studied and modeled for bilayer strips. A B-MaC consists of a strip of paper adhered to a strip of tape. When fluid is introduced, the paper expands while the tape does not, which causes the structure to bend due to strain mismatch, similar to the thermal loading of bi-metal thermostats. The main novelty of the paper-based bilayer cantilevers is the mechanical properties of two different types of material layers, a top layer of sensing paper and a bottom layer of actuating tape, to create a structure that can respond to moisture changes. When the sensing layer absorbs moisture, it causes the bilayer cantilever to bend or curl due to the differential swelling between the two layers. The portion of the paper strip that gets wet forms an arc, and as the fluid advances and fully wets the B-MaC, the entire B-MaC assumes the shape of the initial arc. This study showed that paper with higher hygroscopic expansion forms an arc with a smaller radius of curvature, whereas thicker tape with a higher Young’s modulus forms an arc with a larger radius of curvature. The results showed that the theoretical modeling could accurately predict the behavior of the bilayer strips. The significance of paper-based bilayer cantilevers lies in their potential applications in various fields, such as biomedicine, and environmental monitoring. In summary, the novelty and significance of paper-based bilayer cantilevers lie in their unique combination of sensing and actuating capabilities using a low-cost and environmentally friendly material. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-10223442 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-102234422023-05-28 Paper-Based Bi-Material Cantilever Actuator Bending Behavior and Modeling Chen, Gordon Kumar, Ashutosh Heidari-Bafroui, Hojat Smith, Winfield Charbaji, Amer Rahmani, Nassim Anagnostopoulos, Constantine Faghri, Mohammad Micromachines (Basel) Article In this paper, the behavior of the Bi-Material Cantilever (B-MaC) response deflection upon fluidic loading was experimentally studied and modeled for bilayer strips. A B-MaC consists of a strip of paper adhered to a strip of tape. When fluid is introduced, the paper expands while the tape does not, which causes the structure to bend due to strain mismatch, similar to the thermal loading of bi-metal thermostats. The main novelty of the paper-based bilayer cantilevers is the mechanical properties of two different types of material layers, a top layer of sensing paper and a bottom layer of actuating tape, to create a structure that can respond to moisture changes. When the sensing layer absorbs moisture, it causes the bilayer cantilever to bend or curl due to the differential swelling between the two layers. The portion of the paper strip that gets wet forms an arc, and as the fluid advances and fully wets the B-MaC, the entire B-MaC assumes the shape of the initial arc. This study showed that paper with higher hygroscopic expansion forms an arc with a smaller radius of curvature, whereas thicker tape with a higher Young’s modulus forms an arc with a larger radius of curvature. The results showed that the theoretical modeling could accurately predict the behavior of the bilayer strips. The significance of paper-based bilayer cantilevers lies in their potential applications in various fields, such as biomedicine, and environmental monitoring. In summary, the novelty and significance of paper-based bilayer cantilevers lie in their unique combination of sensing and actuating capabilities using a low-cost and environmentally friendly material. MDPI 2023-04-25 /pmc/articles/PMC10223442/ /pubmed/37241548 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi14050924 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Chen, Gordon Kumar, Ashutosh Heidari-Bafroui, Hojat Smith, Winfield Charbaji, Amer Rahmani, Nassim Anagnostopoulos, Constantine Faghri, Mohammad Paper-Based Bi-Material Cantilever Actuator Bending Behavior and Modeling |
title | Paper-Based Bi-Material Cantilever Actuator Bending Behavior and Modeling |
title_full | Paper-Based Bi-Material Cantilever Actuator Bending Behavior and Modeling |
title_fullStr | Paper-Based Bi-Material Cantilever Actuator Bending Behavior and Modeling |
title_full_unstemmed | Paper-Based Bi-Material Cantilever Actuator Bending Behavior and Modeling |
title_short | Paper-Based Bi-Material Cantilever Actuator Bending Behavior and Modeling |
title_sort | paper-based bi-material cantilever actuator bending behavior and modeling |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10223442/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37241548 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi14050924 |
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