A Cross-Source Point Cloud Registration Algorithm Based on Trigonometric Mutation Chaotic Harris Hawk Optimisation for Rockfill Dam Construction

A high-precision three-dimensional (3D) model is the premise and vehicle of digitalising hydraulic engineering. Unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) tilt photography and 3D laser scanning are widely used for 3D model reconstruction. Affected by the complex production environment, in a traditional 3D reconstruction based on a single surveying and mapping technology, it is difficult to simultaneously balance the rapid acquisition of high-precision 3D information and the accurate acquisition of multi-angle feature texture characteristics. To ensure the comprehensive utilisation of multi-source data, a cross-source point cloud registration method integrating the trigonometric mutation chaotic Harris hawk optimisation (TMCHHO) coarse registration algorithm and the iterative closest point (ICP) fine registration algorithm is proposed. The TMCHHO algorithm generates a piecewise linear chaotic map sequence in the population initialisation stage to improve population diversity. Furthermore, it employs trigonometric mutation to perturb the population in the development stage and thus avoid the problem of falling into local optima. Finally, the proposed method was applied to the Lianghekou project. The accuracy and integrity of the fusion model compared with those of the realistic modelling solutions of a single mapping system improved.