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Botulinum Toxin Treatment for Depression: A New Paradigm for Psychiatry
Multiple randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trials have shown that botulinum toxin A (BoNT/A), when injected into the frown musculature, is an antidepressant. This review outlines the conceptual narrative behind this treatment modality, starting with theory developed by Charles Darwin. We de...
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| Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
| Lenguaje: | English |
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MDPI
2023
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| Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10224294/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37235370 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxins15050336 |