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Hepatocellular carcinoma in patients cured of chronic hepatitis C: Minimal steatosis
BACKGROUND: Successful treatment of hepatitis C reduces liver inflammation and fibrosis; however, patients remain at risk of developing hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). AIMS: To identify risk factors for new‐onset HCC in patients cured of hepatitis C. METHODS: Imaging, histological, and clinical data...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
John Wiley and Sons Inc.
2023
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10225173/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37078924 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cam4.5711 |
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author | Rocha, Chiara Doyle, Erin H. Bowman, Chip A. Fiel, M‐Isabel Stueck, Ashley E. Goossens, Nicolas Bichoupan, Kian Patel, Neal Crismale, James F. Makkar, Jasnit Lewis, Sara Perumalswami, Ponni V. Schiano, Thomas D. Hoshida, Yujin Schwartz, Myron Branch, Andrea D. |
author_facet | Rocha, Chiara Doyle, Erin H. Bowman, Chip A. Fiel, M‐Isabel Stueck, Ashley E. Goossens, Nicolas Bichoupan, Kian Patel, Neal Crismale, James F. Makkar, Jasnit Lewis, Sara Perumalswami, Ponni V. Schiano, Thomas D. Hoshida, Yujin Schwartz, Myron Branch, Andrea D. |
author_sort | Rocha, Chiara |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: Successful treatment of hepatitis C reduces liver inflammation and fibrosis; however, patients remain at risk of developing hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). AIMS: To identify risk factors for new‐onset HCC in patients cured of hepatitis C. METHODS: Imaging, histological, and clinical data on patients whose first HCC was diagnosed >12 months of post‐SVR were analyzed. Histology of 20 nontumor tissues was analyzed in a blinded manner using the Knodel/Ishak/HAI system for necroinflammation and fibrosis/cirrhosis stage and the Brunt system for steatosis/steatohepatitis. Factors associated with post‐SVR HCC were identified by comparison with HALT‐C participants who did not develop post‐SVR HCC. RESULTS: Hepatocellular carcinoma was diagnosed in 54 patients (45 M/9F), a median of 6 years of post‐SVR [interquartile range (IQR) =1.4‐10y] at a median age of 61 years (IQR, 59–67). Approximately one‐third lacked cirrhosis, and only 11% had steatosis on imaging. The majority (60%) had no steatosis/steatohepatitis in histopathology. The median HAI score was 3 (1.25–4), indicating mild necroinflammation. In a multivariable logistic regression model, post‐SVR HCC was positively associated with non‐Caucasian race (p = 0.03), smoking (p = 0.03), age > 60 years at HCC diagnosis (p = 0.03), albumin<3.5 g/dL (p = 0.02), AST/ALT>1 (p = 0.05), and platelets <100 × 10(3) cells/μL (p < 0.001). Alpha fetoprotein ≥4.75 ng/mL had 90% specificity and 71% sensitivity for HCC occurrence. Noncirrhotic patients had larger tumors (p = 0.002) and a higher prevalence of vascular invasion (p = 0.016) than cirrhotic patients. CONCLUSIONS: One‐third of patients with post‐SVR HCC did not have liver cirrhosis; most had no steatosis/steatohepatitis. Hepatocellular carcinomas were more advanced in noncirrhotic patients. Results support AFP as a promising marker of post‐SVR HCC risk. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-10225173 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | John Wiley and Sons Inc. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-102251732023-05-29 Hepatocellular carcinoma in patients cured of chronic hepatitis C: Minimal steatosis Rocha, Chiara Doyle, Erin H. Bowman, Chip A. Fiel, M‐Isabel Stueck, Ashley E. Goossens, Nicolas Bichoupan, Kian Patel, Neal Crismale, James F. Makkar, Jasnit Lewis, Sara Perumalswami, Ponni V. Schiano, Thomas D. Hoshida, Yujin Schwartz, Myron Branch, Andrea D. Cancer Med RESEARCH ARTICLES BACKGROUND: Successful treatment of hepatitis C reduces liver inflammation and fibrosis; however, patients remain at risk of developing hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). AIMS: To identify risk factors for new‐onset HCC in patients cured of hepatitis C. METHODS: Imaging, histological, and clinical data on patients whose first HCC was diagnosed >12 months of post‐SVR were analyzed. Histology of 20 nontumor tissues was analyzed in a blinded manner using the Knodel/Ishak/HAI system for necroinflammation and fibrosis/cirrhosis stage and the Brunt system for steatosis/steatohepatitis. Factors associated with post‐SVR HCC were identified by comparison with HALT‐C participants who did not develop post‐SVR HCC. RESULTS: Hepatocellular carcinoma was diagnosed in 54 patients (45 M/9F), a median of 6 years of post‐SVR [interquartile range (IQR) =1.4‐10y] at a median age of 61 years (IQR, 59–67). Approximately one‐third lacked cirrhosis, and only 11% had steatosis on imaging. The majority (60%) had no steatosis/steatohepatitis in histopathology. The median HAI score was 3 (1.25–4), indicating mild necroinflammation. In a multivariable logistic regression model, post‐SVR HCC was positively associated with non‐Caucasian race (p = 0.03), smoking (p = 0.03), age > 60 years at HCC diagnosis (p = 0.03), albumin<3.5 g/dL (p = 0.02), AST/ALT>1 (p = 0.05), and platelets <100 × 10(3) cells/μL (p < 0.001). Alpha fetoprotein ≥4.75 ng/mL had 90% specificity and 71% sensitivity for HCC occurrence. Noncirrhotic patients had larger tumors (p = 0.002) and a higher prevalence of vascular invasion (p = 0.016) than cirrhotic patients. CONCLUSIONS: One‐third of patients with post‐SVR HCC did not have liver cirrhosis; most had no steatosis/steatohepatitis. Hepatocellular carcinomas were more advanced in noncirrhotic patients. Results support AFP as a promising marker of post‐SVR HCC risk. John Wiley and Sons Inc. 2023-04-20 /pmc/articles/PMC10225173/ /pubmed/37078924 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cam4.5711 Text en © 2023 The Authors. Cancer Medicine published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open access article under the terms of the http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
spellingShingle | RESEARCH ARTICLES Rocha, Chiara Doyle, Erin H. Bowman, Chip A. Fiel, M‐Isabel Stueck, Ashley E. Goossens, Nicolas Bichoupan, Kian Patel, Neal Crismale, James F. Makkar, Jasnit Lewis, Sara Perumalswami, Ponni V. Schiano, Thomas D. Hoshida, Yujin Schwartz, Myron Branch, Andrea D. Hepatocellular carcinoma in patients cured of chronic hepatitis C: Minimal steatosis |
title | Hepatocellular carcinoma in patients cured of chronic hepatitis C: Minimal steatosis |
title_full | Hepatocellular carcinoma in patients cured of chronic hepatitis C: Minimal steatosis |
title_fullStr | Hepatocellular carcinoma in patients cured of chronic hepatitis C: Minimal steatosis |
title_full_unstemmed | Hepatocellular carcinoma in patients cured of chronic hepatitis C: Minimal steatosis |
title_short | Hepatocellular carcinoma in patients cured of chronic hepatitis C: Minimal steatosis |
title_sort | hepatocellular carcinoma in patients cured of chronic hepatitis c: minimal steatosis |
topic | RESEARCH ARTICLES |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10225173/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37078924 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cam4.5711 |
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