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Adenoviral-vectored epigraph vaccine elicits robust, durable, and protective immunity against H3 influenza A virus in swine

Current methods of vaccination against swine Influenza A Virus (IAV-S) in pigs are infrequently updated, induce strain-specific responses, and have a limited duration of protection. Here, we characterize the onset and duration of adaptive immune responses after vaccination with an adenoviral-vectore...

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Autores principales: Petro-Turnquist, Erika, Pekarek, Matthew, Jeanjaquet, Nicholas, Wooledge, Cedric, Steffen, David, Vu, Hiep, Weaver, Eric A.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10225514/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37256131
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2023.1143451
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author Petro-Turnquist, Erika
Pekarek, Matthew
Jeanjaquet, Nicholas
Wooledge, Cedric
Steffen, David
Vu, Hiep
Weaver, Eric A.
author_facet Petro-Turnquist, Erika
Pekarek, Matthew
Jeanjaquet, Nicholas
Wooledge, Cedric
Steffen, David
Vu, Hiep
Weaver, Eric A.
author_sort Petro-Turnquist, Erika
collection PubMed
description Current methods of vaccination against swine Influenza A Virus (IAV-S) in pigs are infrequently updated, induce strain-specific responses, and have a limited duration of protection. Here, we characterize the onset and duration of adaptive immune responses after vaccination with an adenoviral-vectored Epigraph vaccine. In this longitudinal study we observed robust and durable antibody responses that remained above protective titers six months after vaccination. We further identified stable levels of antigen-specific T cell responses that remained detectable in the absence of antigen stimulation. Antibody isotyping revealed robust class switching from IgM to IgG induced by Epigraph vaccination, while the commercial comparator vaccine failed to induce strong antibody class switching. Swine were challenged six months after initial vaccination, and Epigraph-vaccinated animals demonstrated significant protection from microscopic lesion development in the trachea and lungs, reduced duration of viral shedding, lower presence of infectious virus and viral antigens in the lungs, and significant recall of antigen-specific T cell responses following challenge. The results obtained from this study are useful in determining the kinetics of adaptive immune responses after vaccination with adjuvanted whole inactivated virus vaccines compared to adenoviral vectored vaccines and contribute to the continued efforts of creating a universal IAV-S vaccine.
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spelling pubmed-102255142023-05-30 Adenoviral-vectored epigraph vaccine elicits robust, durable, and protective immunity against H3 influenza A virus in swine Petro-Turnquist, Erika Pekarek, Matthew Jeanjaquet, Nicholas Wooledge, Cedric Steffen, David Vu, Hiep Weaver, Eric A. Front Immunol Immunology Current methods of vaccination against swine Influenza A Virus (IAV-S) in pigs are infrequently updated, induce strain-specific responses, and have a limited duration of protection. Here, we characterize the onset and duration of adaptive immune responses after vaccination with an adenoviral-vectored Epigraph vaccine. In this longitudinal study we observed robust and durable antibody responses that remained above protective titers six months after vaccination. We further identified stable levels of antigen-specific T cell responses that remained detectable in the absence of antigen stimulation. Antibody isotyping revealed robust class switching from IgM to IgG induced by Epigraph vaccination, while the commercial comparator vaccine failed to induce strong antibody class switching. Swine were challenged six months after initial vaccination, and Epigraph-vaccinated animals demonstrated significant protection from microscopic lesion development in the trachea and lungs, reduced duration of viral shedding, lower presence of infectious virus and viral antigens in the lungs, and significant recall of antigen-specific T cell responses following challenge. The results obtained from this study are useful in determining the kinetics of adaptive immune responses after vaccination with adjuvanted whole inactivated virus vaccines compared to adenoviral vectored vaccines and contribute to the continued efforts of creating a universal IAV-S vaccine. Frontiers Media S.A. 2023-05-15 /pmc/articles/PMC10225514/ /pubmed/37256131 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2023.1143451 Text en Copyright © 2023 Petro-Turnquist, Pekarek, Jeanjaquet, Wooledge, Steffen, Vu and Weaver https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Immunology
Petro-Turnquist, Erika
Pekarek, Matthew
Jeanjaquet, Nicholas
Wooledge, Cedric
Steffen, David
Vu, Hiep
Weaver, Eric A.
Adenoviral-vectored epigraph vaccine elicits robust, durable, and protective immunity against H3 influenza A virus in swine
title Adenoviral-vectored epigraph vaccine elicits robust, durable, and protective immunity against H3 influenza A virus in swine
title_full Adenoviral-vectored epigraph vaccine elicits robust, durable, and protective immunity against H3 influenza A virus in swine
title_fullStr Adenoviral-vectored epigraph vaccine elicits robust, durable, and protective immunity against H3 influenza A virus in swine
title_full_unstemmed Adenoviral-vectored epigraph vaccine elicits robust, durable, and protective immunity against H3 influenza A virus in swine
title_short Adenoviral-vectored epigraph vaccine elicits robust, durable, and protective immunity against H3 influenza A virus in swine
title_sort adenoviral-vectored epigraph vaccine elicits robust, durable, and protective immunity against h3 influenza a virus in swine
topic Immunology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10225514/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37256131
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2023.1143451
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