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Trends in Tuberculosis Mortality Across India: Improvements Despite the COVID-19 Pandemic

Introduction: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has had significant health implications across the globe. India is a country that has faced a double burden of COVID-19 and tuberculosis (TB) since 2020. There is a need to understand the impacts of COVID-19 on tuberculosis control progr...

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Autores principales: Varshney, Karan, Patel, Hinal, Kamal, Shahed
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Cureus 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10226868/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37261163
http://dx.doi.org/10.7759/cureus.38313
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author Varshney, Karan
Patel, Hinal
Kamal, Shahed
author_facet Varshney, Karan
Patel, Hinal
Kamal, Shahed
author_sort Varshney, Karan
collection PubMed
description Introduction: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has had significant health implications across the globe. India is a country that has faced a double burden of COVID-19 and tuberculosis (TB) since 2020. There is a need to understand the impacts of COVID-19 on tuberculosis control programs in India. Therefore, our study aimed to determine the changes in TB mortality across India between 2019 and 2021. Methods: In our study, we described trends in TB and COVID-19 cases reported across India. Next, we compared death totals for TB between 2019, 2020, and 2021 in India at the national and state level. We considered total TB deaths, as well as deaths by TB for tribal populations, and for those living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Percent changes were calculated. Results: In 2020, compared to 2019, there was a 15.4% decrease in TB death totals, with 28 out of India’s 36 states showing a decrease during this time period. While total deaths increased in 2021 compared to 2020, decreases did occur in 2021 compared to 2019. Deaths by TB for individuals living with HIV decreased by 16.0% across India. At a national level, there was a notable rise in TB deaths among tribal populations, though this was not universal across states. Conclusion: While the majority of the world has seen an increase in new TB cases and TB deaths annually since the start of the COVID-19 pandemic, there have instead been decreases in India during this time period. More research is required to understand the factors that have led to this decrease in TB deaths. Furthermore, additional allocation of resources is required to better support vulnerable populations in states where TB death totals have increased, especially among tribal populations.
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spelling pubmed-102268682023-05-31 Trends in Tuberculosis Mortality Across India: Improvements Despite the COVID-19 Pandemic Varshney, Karan Patel, Hinal Kamal, Shahed Cureus Infectious Disease Introduction: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has had significant health implications across the globe. India is a country that has faced a double burden of COVID-19 and tuberculosis (TB) since 2020. There is a need to understand the impacts of COVID-19 on tuberculosis control programs in India. Therefore, our study aimed to determine the changes in TB mortality across India between 2019 and 2021. Methods: In our study, we described trends in TB and COVID-19 cases reported across India. Next, we compared death totals for TB between 2019, 2020, and 2021 in India at the national and state level. We considered total TB deaths, as well as deaths by TB for tribal populations, and for those living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Percent changes were calculated. Results: In 2020, compared to 2019, there was a 15.4% decrease in TB death totals, with 28 out of India’s 36 states showing a decrease during this time period. While total deaths increased in 2021 compared to 2020, decreases did occur in 2021 compared to 2019. Deaths by TB for individuals living with HIV decreased by 16.0% across India. At a national level, there was a notable rise in TB deaths among tribal populations, though this was not universal across states. Conclusion: While the majority of the world has seen an increase in new TB cases and TB deaths annually since the start of the COVID-19 pandemic, there have instead been decreases in India during this time period. More research is required to understand the factors that have led to this decrease in TB deaths. Furthermore, additional allocation of resources is required to better support vulnerable populations in states where TB death totals have increased, especially among tribal populations. Cureus 2023-04-29 /pmc/articles/PMC10226868/ /pubmed/37261163 http://dx.doi.org/10.7759/cureus.38313 Text en Copyright © 2023, Varshney et al. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
spellingShingle Infectious Disease
Varshney, Karan
Patel, Hinal
Kamal, Shahed
Trends in Tuberculosis Mortality Across India: Improvements Despite the COVID-19 Pandemic
title Trends in Tuberculosis Mortality Across India: Improvements Despite the COVID-19 Pandemic
title_full Trends in Tuberculosis Mortality Across India: Improvements Despite the COVID-19 Pandemic
title_fullStr Trends in Tuberculosis Mortality Across India: Improvements Despite the COVID-19 Pandemic
title_full_unstemmed Trends in Tuberculosis Mortality Across India: Improvements Despite the COVID-19 Pandemic
title_short Trends in Tuberculosis Mortality Across India: Improvements Despite the COVID-19 Pandemic
title_sort trends in tuberculosis mortality across india: improvements despite the covid-19 pandemic
topic Infectious Disease
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10226868/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37261163
http://dx.doi.org/10.7759/cureus.38313
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AT patelhinal trendsintuberculosismortalityacrossindiaimprovementsdespitethecovid19pandemic
AT kamalshahed trendsintuberculosismortalityacrossindiaimprovementsdespitethecovid19pandemic