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Association of fat-soluble vitamins (A, D, and E) status with humoral immune response to COVID-19 inactivated vaccination

BACKGROUND: Fat-soluble vitamins (A, D, and E) are essential for the proper functioning of the immune system and are of central importance for infection risk in humans. Vitamins A, D, and E have been reported to be associated with the immune response following vaccination; however, their effects on...

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Autores principales: Deng, Yao, Huang, Liting, Liu, Peixin, Geng, Xuyang, Lin, Zefang, Zheng, Zhixiong, Zhan, Meixiao, Zhang, Zhiren, Liu, Junwei, Sun, Taoping
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10227435/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37260517
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2023.1167920
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author Deng, Yao
Huang, Liting
Liu, Peixin
Geng, Xuyang
Lin, Zefang
Zheng, Zhixiong
Zhan, Meixiao
Zhang, Zhiren
Liu, Junwei
Sun, Taoping
author_facet Deng, Yao
Huang, Liting
Liu, Peixin
Geng, Xuyang
Lin, Zefang
Zheng, Zhixiong
Zhan, Meixiao
Zhang, Zhiren
Liu, Junwei
Sun, Taoping
author_sort Deng, Yao
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Fat-soluble vitamins (A, D, and E) are essential for the proper functioning of the immune system and are of central importance for infection risk in humans. Vitamins A, D, and E have been reported to be associated with the immune response following vaccination; however, their effects on the immune response to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccination remain unknown. METHODS: We measured the neutralizing antibody titers against wild type and omicron within 98 days after the third homologous boosting shot of inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine (BBIBP-CorV or CoronaVac) in 141 healthy adults in a prospective, open-label study. High-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectroscopy was used to determine the concentrations of plasma vitamins A, D, and E. RESULTS: We found that the anti-wide-type virus and anti-omicron variant antibody levels significantly increased compared with baseline antibody levels (P < 0.001) after the third vaccination. 25(OH)D(3) was significantly negatively associated with the baseline anti-wide-type virus antibody concentrations [beta (95% CI) = −0.331 (−0.659 ~ −0.003)] after adjusting for covariates. A potentially similar association was also observed on day 98 after the third vaccination [beta (95% CI) = −0.317 (−0.641 ~ 0.007)]. After adjusting for covariates, we also found that 25(OH)D(3) was significantly negatively associated with the seropositivity of the anti-omicron variant antibody at day 98 after the third vaccination [OR (95% CI) = 0.940 (0.883 ~ 0.996)]. The association between plasma 25(OH)D(3) with anti-wild-type virus antibody levels and seropositivity of anti-omicron variant antibodies were persistent in subgroup analyses. We observed no association between retinol/α-tocopherol and anti-wide-type virus antibody levels or anti-omicron variant antibody seropositive in our study. CONCLUSION: The third inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccination significantly improved the ability of anti-SARS-CoV-2 infection in the human body. Higher vitamin D concentrations could significantly decrease the anti-wide-type virus-neutralizing antibody titers and anti-omicron variant antibody seropositive rate after the inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in people with adequate levels of vitamin D, better immune status, and stronger immune response; further studies comprising large cohorts of patients with different nutritional status are warranted to verify our results.
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spelling pubmed-102274352023-05-31 Association of fat-soluble vitamins (A, D, and E) status with humoral immune response to COVID-19 inactivated vaccination Deng, Yao Huang, Liting Liu, Peixin Geng, Xuyang Lin, Zefang Zheng, Zhixiong Zhan, Meixiao Zhang, Zhiren Liu, Junwei Sun, Taoping Front Nutr Nutrition BACKGROUND: Fat-soluble vitamins (A, D, and E) are essential for the proper functioning of the immune system and are of central importance for infection risk in humans. Vitamins A, D, and E have been reported to be associated with the immune response following vaccination; however, their effects on the immune response to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccination remain unknown. METHODS: We measured the neutralizing antibody titers against wild type and omicron within 98 days after the third homologous boosting shot of inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine (BBIBP-CorV or CoronaVac) in 141 healthy adults in a prospective, open-label study. High-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectroscopy was used to determine the concentrations of plasma vitamins A, D, and E. RESULTS: We found that the anti-wide-type virus and anti-omicron variant antibody levels significantly increased compared with baseline antibody levels (P < 0.001) after the third vaccination. 25(OH)D(3) was significantly negatively associated with the baseline anti-wide-type virus antibody concentrations [beta (95% CI) = −0.331 (−0.659 ~ −0.003)] after adjusting for covariates. A potentially similar association was also observed on day 98 after the third vaccination [beta (95% CI) = −0.317 (−0.641 ~ 0.007)]. After adjusting for covariates, we also found that 25(OH)D(3) was significantly negatively associated with the seropositivity of the anti-omicron variant antibody at day 98 after the third vaccination [OR (95% CI) = 0.940 (0.883 ~ 0.996)]. The association between plasma 25(OH)D(3) with anti-wild-type virus antibody levels and seropositivity of anti-omicron variant antibodies were persistent in subgroup analyses. We observed no association between retinol/α-tocopherol and anti-wide-type virus antibody levels or anti-omicron variant antibody seropositive in our study. CONCLUSION: The third inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccination significantly improved the ability of anti-SARS-CoV-2 infection in the human body. Higher vitamin D concentrations could significantly decrease the anti-wide-type virus-neutralizing antibody titers and anti-omicron variant antibody seropositive rate after the inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in people with adequate levels of vitamin D, better immune status, and stronger immune response; further studies comprising large cohorts of patients with different nutritional status are warranted to verify our results. Frontiers Media S.A. 2023-05-16 /pmc/articles/PMC10227435/ /pubmed/37260517 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2023.1167920 Text en Copyright © 2023 Deng, Huang, Liu, Geng, Lin, Zheng, Zhan, Zhang, Liu and Sun. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Nutrition
Deng, Yao
Huang, Liting
Liu, Peixin
Geng, Xuyang
Lin, Zefang
Zheng, Zhixiong
Zhan, Meixiao
Zhang, Zhiren
Liu, Junwei
Sun, Taoping
Association of fat-soluble vitamins (A, D, and E) status with humoral immune response to COVID-19 inactivated vaccination
title Association of fat-soluble vitamins (A, D, and E) status with humoral immune response to COVID-19 inactivated vaccination
title_full Association of fat-soluble vitamins (A, D, and E) status with humoral immune response to COVID-19 inactivated vaccination
title_fullStr Association of fat-soluble vitamins (A, D, and E) status with humoral immune response to COVID-19 inactivated vaccination
title_full_unstemmed Association of fat-soluble vitamins (A, D, and E) status with humoral immune response to COVID-19 inactivated vaccination
title_short Association of fat-soluble vitamins (A, D, and E) status with humoral immune response to COVID-19 inactivated vaccination
title_sort association of fat-soluble vitamins (a, d, and e) status with humoral immune response to covid-19 inactivated vaccination
topic Nutrition
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10227435/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37260517
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2023.1167920
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