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Trade-Offs between Temperature and Fitness in Euschistus heros (Fabricius) (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae): Implications for Mass Rearing and Field Management
SIMPLE SUMMARY: The brown stink bug, Euschistus heros, is a key pest affecting soybean crops in Brazil and other South American countries. Temperature plays a crucial role in insect development and reproduction; however, little is known about temperature on E. heros’ fitness. This study examined the...
Autores principales: | , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2023
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10231064/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37233076 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/insects14050448 |
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author | Barrufaldi, Ana Paula Frugeri Hayashida, Rafael Hoback, William Wyatt Higley, Leon G. de Carvalho, Jose Romario de Oliveira, Regiane Cristina |
author_facet | Barrufaldi, Ana Paula Frugeri Hayashida, Rafael Hoback, William Wyatt Higley, Leon G. de Carvalho, Jose Romario de Oliveira, Regiane Cristina |
author_sort | Barrufaldi, Ana Paula Frugeri |
collection | PubMed |
description | SIMPLE SUMMARY: The brown stink bug, Euschistus heros, is a key pest affecting soybean crops in Brazil and other South American countries. Temperature plays a crucial role in insect development and reproduction; however, little is known about temperature on E. heros’ fitness. This study examined the effects of both constant and fluctuating temperatures on E. heros’ biological characteristics across three generations. Development did not occur at constant temperatures of 19 °C and 34 °C, and at 31 °C, there was no reproduction. Development duration was faster at warmer constant temperatures, but fluctuating temperatures decreased E. heros’ egg viability. This research allowed the development of temperature base and degree day requirements for each E. heros stage and revealed that about 40% mortality occurs during molting, with the highest mortality between first and second-stage nymphs. Together, these data improve the management of E. heros and benefit the mass production of egg parasitoids used for its control. ABSTRACT: The brown stink bug, Euschistus heros (Fabricius, 1798) (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae), is one of the most abundant soybean stink bug pests in Brazil. Temperature is a key factor that affects its development and reproduction, and fluctuating temperatures may impact the development and reproduction of E. heros differently from those under constant temperatures. The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of constant and fluctuating temperature on the biological characteristics of E. heros in three successive generations. Treatments consisted of six constant temperatures (19 °C, 22 °C, 25 °C, 28 °C, 31 °C and 34 °C) and four fluctuating temperatures (25:21 °C, 28:24 °C, 31:27 °C, and 34:30 °C) evaluated for three successive generations. Second-stage nymphs were evaluated daily, and after they reached the adult stage, they were separated by sex, and the individual weight (mg) and pronotum size (mm) were recorded. After pair formation, eggs were collected to evaluate the pre-oviposition period, total number of eggs, and egg viability. The duration of the nymphal stage was reduced with an increase in both constant and fluctuating temperatures; however, at constant temperatures of 19 °C, 31 °C and 34 °C and fluctuating temperatures of 28:24 °C, there was no reproduction in adults. The base temperature and total degree day requirement for nymphal development were 15.5 °C and 197.4 dd, respectively. Pre-oviposition period (d), number of eggs per female, and viability of eggs (%) were affected by temperature across the generations. The multiple decrement life table analysis revealed that mortality was highest during the molting of the second-stage nymphs. These findings have important implications for E. heros’ laboratory mass-rearing programs and for its management in fields. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-10231064 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-102310642023-06-01 Trade-Offs between Temperature and Fitness in Euschistus heros (Fabricius) (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae): Implications for Mass Rearing and Field Management Barrufaldi, Ana Paula Frugeri Hayashida, Rafael Hoback, William Wyatt Higley, Leon G. de Carvalho, Jose Romario de Oliveira, Regiane Cristina Insects Article SIMPLE SUMMARY: The brown stink bug, Euschistus heros, is a key pest affecting soybean crops in Brazil and other South American countries. Temperature plays a crucial role in insect development and reproduction; however, little is known about temperature on E. heros’ fitness. This study examined the effects of both constant and fluctuating temperatures on E. heros’ biological characteristics across three generations. Development did not occur at constant temperatures of 19 °C and 34 °C, and at 31 °C, there was no reproduction. Development duration was faster at warmer constant temperatures, but fluctuating temperatures decreased E. heros’ egg viability. This research allowed the development of temperature base and degree day requirements for each E. heros stage and revealed that about 40% mortality occurs during molting, with the highest mortality between first and second-stage nymphs. Together, these data improve the management of E. heros and benefit the mass production of egg parasitoids used for its control. ABSTRACT: The brown stink bug, Euschistus heros (Fabricius, 1798) (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae), is one of the most abundant soybean stink bug pests in Brazil. Temperature is a key factor that affects its development and reproduction, and fluctuating temperatures may impact the development and reproduction of E. heros differently from those under constant temperatures. The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of constant and fluctuating temperature on the biological characteristics of E. heros in three successive generations. Treatments consisted of six constant temperatures (19 °C, 22 °C, 25 °C, 28 °C, 31 °C and 34 °C) and four fluctuating temperatures (25:21 °C, 28:24 °C, 31:27 °C, and 34:30 °C) evaluated for three successive generations. Second-stage nymphs were evaluated daily, and after they reached the adult stage, they were separated by sex, and the individual weight (mg) and pronotum size (mm) were recorded. After pair formation, eggs were collected to evaluate the pre-oviposition period, total number of eggs, and egg viability. The duration of the nymphal stage was reduced with an increase in both constant and fluctuating temperatures; however, at constant temperatures of 19 °C, 31 °C and 34 °C and fluctuating temperatures of 28:24 °C, there was no reproduction in adults. The base temperature and total degree day requirement for nymphal development were 15.5 °C and 197.4 dd, respectively. Pre-oviposition period (d), number of eggs per female, and viability of eggs (%) were affected by temperature across the generations. The multiple decrement life table analysis revealed that mortality was highest during the molting of the second-stage nymphs. These findings have important implications for E. heros’ laboratory mass-rearing programs and for its management in fields. MDPI 2023-05-10 /pmc/articles/PMC10231064/ /pubmed/37233076 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/insects14050448 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Barrufaldi, Ana Paula Frugeri Hayashida, Rafael Hoback, William Wyatt Higley, Leon G. de Carvalho, Jose Romario de Oliveira, Regiane Cristina Trade-Offs between Temperature and Fitness in Euschistus heros (Fabricius) (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae): Implications for Mass Rearing and Field Management |
title | Trade-Offs between Temperature and Fitness in Euschistus heros (Fabricius) (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae): Implications for Mass Rearing and Field Management |
title_full | Trade-Offs between Temperature and Fitness in Euschistus heros (Fabricius) (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae): Implications for Mass Rearing and Field Management |
title_fullStr | Trade-Offs between Temperature and Fitness in Euschistus heros (Fabricius) (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae): Implications for Mass Rearing and Field Management |
title_full_unstemmed | Trade-Offs between Temperature and Fitness in Euschistus heros (Fabricius) (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae): Implications for Mass Rearing and Field Management |
title_short | Trade-Offs between Temperature and Fitness in Euschistus heros (Fabricius) (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae): Implications for Mass Rearing and Field Management |
title_sort | trade-offs between temperature and fitness in euschistus heros (fabricius) (hemiptera: pentatomidae): implications for mass rearing and field management |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10231064/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37233076 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/insects14050448 |
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