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Sodium intake trend and current intake level by meal provision place among the citizens of Seoul
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: The diversity of meal provision places has increased in recent years and sodium intake can vary depending on where meals are eaten, particularly in large cities. In this study, an analysis of the recent trends in sodium intake was performed and a comparison of sodium intake le...
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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The Korean Nutrition Society and the Korean Society of Community Nutrition
2023
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10232199/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37266124 http://dx.doi.org/10.4162/nrp.2023.17.3.516 |
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author | Han, Ye-Ji Jang, Eun-Hee Lee, Seungmin |
author_facet | Han, Ye-Ji Jang, Eun-Hee Lee, Seungmin |
author_sort | Han, Ye-Ji |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: The diversity of meal provision places has increased in recent years and sodium intake can vary depending on where meals are eaten, particularly in large cities. In this study, an analysis of the recent trends in sodium intake was performed and a comparison of sodium intake level according to meal provision place among citizens of Seoul was performed. SUBJECTS/METHODS: Data from a 24-h recall dietary intake survey from the 2010–2019 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) were used in order to determine the trends in sodium intake among citizens of Seoul, aged 3–74 years old. (n = 11,811). The trend of daily sodium intake was presented in absolute amount and proportion compared to the chronic disease risk reduction intake (CDRR) for each selected characteristic. A comparison of sodium intake level according to meal provision place by sex and age groups as a total amount per meal (mg), density per meal (mg/1,000 kcal), and proportion of the daily sodium intake was performed using the 2016–2019 KNHANES. RESULTS: Sodium intake levels showed a downward trend from 2010–2019. The highest level of sodium intake was observed for subjects aged 30–49, and the level for males aged 30–49 was 202.8% higher than the CDRR. Results of the analysis of sodium intake per meal according to meal provision place showed that the highest sodium intake was in the order of restaurant meal (RM) > institutional foodservice (IF) > home meal (HM) > convenience food (CF). A higher sodium density (mg/1,000 kcal) was observed for IF compared with RM in most adults. Adults aged over 50 years old consumed more than half of the daily sodium in HM. CONCLUSION: Significant variation in the level of sodium intake was observed according to sex and age groups, therefore, different approaches and nutrition policies based on meal provision place are needed. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-10232199 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | The Korean Nutrition Society and the Korean Society of Community Nutrition |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-102321992023-06-01 Sodium intake trend and current intake level by meal provision place among the citizens of Seoul Han, Ye-Ji Jang, Eun-Hee Lee, Seungmin Nutr Res Pract Original Research BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: The diversity of meal provision places has increased in recent years and sodium intake can vary depending on where meals are eaten, particularly in large cities. In this study, an analysis of the recent trends in sodium intake was performed and a comparison of sodium intake level according to meal provision place among citizens of Seoul was performed. SUBJECTS/METHODS: Data from a 24-h recall dietary intake survey from the 2010–2019 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) were used in order to determine the trends in sodium intake among citizens of Seoul, aged 3–74 years old. (n = 11,811). The trend of daily sodium intake was presented in absolute amount and proportion compared to the chronic disease risk reduction intake (CDRR) for each selected characteristic. A comparison of sodium intake level according to meal provision place by sex and age groups as a total amount per meal (mg), density per meal (mg/1,000 kcal), and proportion of the daily sodium intake was performed using the 2016–2019 KNHANES. RESULTS: Sodium intake levels showed a downward trend from 2010–2019. The highest level of sodium intake was observed for subjects aged 30–49, and the level for males aged 30–49 was 202.8% higher than the CDRR. Results of the analysis of sodium intake per meal according to meal provision place showed that the highest sodium intake was in the order of restaurant meal (RM) > institutional foodservice (IF) > home meal (HM) > convenience food (CF). A higher sodium density (mg/1,000 kcal) was observed for IF compared with RM in most adults. Adults aged over 50 years old consumed more than half of the daily sodium in HM. CONCLUSION: Significant variation in the level of sodium intake was observed according to sex and age groups, therefore, different approaches and nutrition policies based on meal provision place are needed. The Korean Nutrition Society and the Korean Society of Community Nutrition 2023-06 2023-01-05 /pmc/articles/PMC10232199/ /pubmed/37266124 http://dx.doi.org/10.4162/nrp.2023.17.3.516 Text en ©2022 The Korean Nutrition Society and the Korean Society of Community Nutrition https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
spellingShingle | Original Research Han, Ye-Ji Jang, Eun-Hee Lee, Seungmin Sodium intake trend and current intake level by meal provision place among the citizens of Seoul |
title | Sodium intake trend and current intake level by meal provision place among the citizens of Seoul |
title_full | Sodium intake trend and current intake level by meal provision place among the citizens of Seoul |
title_fullStr | Sodium intake trend and current intake level by meal provision place among the citizens of Seoul |
title_full_unstemmed | Sodium intake trend and current intake level by meal provision place among the citizens of Seoul |
title_short | Sodium intake trend and current intake level by meal provision place among the citizens of Seoul |
title_sort | sodium intake trend and current intake level by meal provision place among the citizens of seoul |
topic | Original Research |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10232199/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37266124 http://dx.doi.org/10.4162/nrp.2023.17.3.516 |
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