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Phase transitions in the classical simulability of open quantum systems
We introduce a Langevin unravelling of the density matrix evolution of an open quantum system over matrix product states, which we term the time-dependent variational principle-Langevin equation. This allows the study of entanglement dynamics as a function of both temperature and coupling to the env...
Autores principales: | , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Nature Publishing Group UK
2023
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10232539/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37258551 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-35336-9 |
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author | Azad, F. Hallam, A. Morley, J. Green, A. G. |
author_facet | Azad, F. Hallam, A. Morley, J. Green, A. G. |
author_sort | Azad, F. |
collection | PubMed |
description | We introduce a Langevin unravelling of the density matrix evolution of an open quantum system over matrix product states, which we term the time-dependent variational principle-Langevin equation. This allows the study of entanglement dynamics as a function of both temperature and coupling to the environment. As the strength of coupling to and temperature of the environment is increased, we find a transition where the entanglement of the individual trajectories saturates, permitting a classical simulation of the system for all times. This is the Hamiltonian open system counterpart of the saturation in entanglement found in random circuits with projective or weak measurements. If a system is open, there is a limit to the advantage in simulating its behaviour on a quantum computer, even when that evolution harbours important quantum effects. Moreover, if a quantum simulator is in this phase, it cannot simulate with quantum advantage. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-10232539 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | Nature Publishing Group UK |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-102325392023-06-02 Phase transitions in the classical simulability of open quantum systems Azad, F. Hallam, A. Morley, J. Green, A. G. Sci Rep Article We introduce a Langevin unravelling of the density matrix evolution of an open quantum system over matrix product states, which we term the time-dependent variational principle-Langevin equation. This allows the study of entanglement dynamics as a function of both temperature and coupling to the environment. As the strength of coupling to and temperature of the environment is increased, we find a transition where the entanglement of the individual trajectories saturates, permitting a classical simulation of the system for all times. This is the Hamiltonian open system counterpart of the saturation in entanglement found in random circuits with projective or weak measurements. If a system is open, there is a limit to the advantage in simulating its behaviour on a quantum computer, even when that evolution harbours important quantum effects. Moreover, if a quantum simulator is in this phase, it cannot simulate with quantum advantage. Nature Publishing Group UK 2023-05-31 /pmc/articles/PMC10232539/ /pubmed/37258551 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-35336-9 Text en © The Author(s) 2023 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) . |
spellingShingle | Article Azad, F. Hallam, A. Morley, J. Green, A. G. Phase transitions in the classical simulability of open quantum systems |
title | Phase transitions in the classical simulability of open quantum systems |
title_full | Phase transitions in the classical simulability of open quantum systems |
title_fullStr | Phase transitions in the classical simulability of open quantum systems |
title_full_unstemmed | Phase transitions in the classical simulability of open quantum systems |
title_short | Phase transitions in the classical simulability of open quantum systems |
title_sort | phase transitions in the classical simulability of open quantum systems |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10232539/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37258551 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-35336-9 |
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